Journal: Bioorg Med Chem / Year: 2024 Title: Optimization of α-amido boronic acids via cryo-electron microscopy analysis: Discovery of a novel highly selective immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 (β5i)/LMP2 (β1i) dual inhibitor. Authors: Yuuki Arai / Hiroaki Shitama / Masahito Yamagishi / Satoshi Ono / Akiko Kashima / Masahiro Hiraizumi / Naoki Tsuda / Koushirou Katayama / Kouji Tanaka / Yuzo Koda / Sayuka Kato / Kei Sakata ...Authors: Yuuki Arai / Hiroaki Shitama / Masahito Yamagishi / Satoshi Ono / Akiko Kashima / Masahiro Hiraizumi / Naoki Tsuda / Koushirou Katayama / Kouji Tanaka / Yuzo Koda / Sayuka Kato / Kei Sakata / Osamu Nureki / Hiroshi Miyazaki / Abstract: The immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 (β5i)/LMP2 (β1i) dual blockade has been reported to suppress B cell differentiation and activation, suggesting that the dual inhibition of LMP7/LMP2 is a promising ...The immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 (β5i)/LMP2 (β1i) dual blockade has been reported to suppress B cell differentiation and activation, suggesting that the dual inhibition of LMP7/LMP2 is a promising approach for treating autoimmune diseases. In contrast, the inhibition of the constitutive proteasome subunit β5c correlates with cytotoxicity against non-immune cells. Therefore, LMP7/LMP2 dual inhibitors with high selectivity over β5c may be desirable for treating autoimmune diseases. In this study, we present the optimization and discovery of α-amido boronic acids using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The exploitation of structural differences between the proteasome subunits led to the identification of a highly selective LMP7/LMP2 dual inhibitor 19. Molecular dynamics simulation based on cryo-EM structures of the proteasome subunits complexed with 19 explained the inhibitory activity profile. In mice immunized with 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetyl conjugated to ovalbumin, results indicate that 19 is orally bioavailable and shows promise as potential treatment for autoimmune diseases.
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