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- EMDB-31479: Cryo-EM structure of human angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex G... -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-31479
TitleCryo-EM structure of human angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin receptor AT1R
    • Protein or peptide: SAR1-AngII
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
KeywordsGPCR / angiotensin receptor / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion / Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway / phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway / PLC beta mediated events / regulation of platelet activation / entrainment of circadian clock / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / glutamate receptor signaling pathway / phototransduction, visible light ...Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion / Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway / phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway / PLC beta mediated events / regulation of platelet activation / entrainment of circadian clock / regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / glutamate receptor signaling pathway / phototransduction, visible light / photoreceptor outer segment / neuropeptide signaling pathway / postsynaptic cytosol / enzyme regulator activity / response to prostaglandin E / GTPase activator activity / Turbulent (oscillatory, disturbed) flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and integrins in endothelial cells / G protein-coupled receptor binding / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / blood coagulation / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / retina development in camera-type eye / G protein activity / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / nuclear membrane / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / protein stabilization / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / synapse / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / Golgi apparatus / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / metal ion binding / membrane / plasma membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
G-protein alpha subunit, group Q / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily ...G-protein alpha subunit, group Q / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.9 Å
AuthorsZhang D / Xu L
Funding support China, 6 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)2018YFA0508100 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)81722044 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)91753115 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)21778049 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)81861148018 China
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)2018ZX09711002 China
CitationJournal: EMBO J / Year: 2023
Title: Structural insights into angiotensin receptor signaling modulation by balanced and biased agonists.
Authors: Dongqi Zhang / Yongfeng Liu / Saheem A Zaidi / Lingyi Xu / Yuting Zhan / Anqi Chen / Jiangtao Guo / Xi-Ping Huang / Bryan L Roth / Vsevolod Katritch / Vadim Cherezov / Haitao Zhang /
Abstract: The peptide hormone angiotensin II regulates blood pressure mainly through the type 1 angiotensin II receptor AT R and its downstream signaling proteins G and β-arrestin. AT R blockers, clinically ...The peptide hormone angiotensin II regulates blood pressure mainly through the type 1 angiotensin II receptor AT R and its downstream signaling proteins G and β-arrestin. AT R blockers, clinically used as antihypertensive drugs, inhibit both signaling pathways, whereas AT R β-arrestin-biased agonists have shown great potential for the treatment of acute heart failure. Here, we present a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human AT R in complex with a balanced agonist, Sar -AngII, and G protein at 2.9 Å resolution. This structure, together with extensive functional assays and computational modeling, reveals the molecular mechanisms for AT R signaling modulation and suggests that a major hydrogen bond network (MHN) inside the receptor serves as a key regulator of AT R signal transduction from the ligand-binding pocket to both G and β-arrestin pathways. Specifically, we found that the MHN mutations N111 A and N294 A induce biased signaling to G and β-arrestin, respectively. These insights should facilitate AT R structure-based drug discovery for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
History
DepositionJun 25, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseMar 29, 2023-
Map releaseMar 29, 2023-
UpdateJul 2, 2025-
Current statusJul 2, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_31479.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_31479.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 52.7 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.01 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 243.36 Å		1.01 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 243.36 Å		1.01 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 243.36 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.014 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.02
Minimum - Maximum-0.115058765 - 0.17698589
Average (Standard dev.)0.000099463105 (±0.0033914102)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions240240240
Spacing240240240
CellA=B=C: 243.36002 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII

EntireName: Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII
Components
  • Complex: Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin receptor AT1R
    • Protein or peptide: SAR1-AngII
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL

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Supramolecule #1: Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII

SupramoleculeName: Angiotensin receptor AT1R in complex with Gq proteins and Sar1-AngII
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 168 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Angiotensin receptor AT1R

MacromoleculeName: Angiotensin receptor AT1R / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 81.574406 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MDYKDDDDKH HHHHHHHHHE NLYFQGKIEE GKLVIWINGD KGYNGLAEVG KKFEKDTGIK VTVEHPDKLE EKFPQVAATG DGPDIIFWA HDRFGGYAQS GLLAEITPDK AFQDKLYPFT WDAVRYNGKL IAYPIAVEAL SLIYNKDLLP NPPKTWEEIP A LDKELKAK ...String:
MDYKDDDDKH HHHHHHHHHE NLYFQGKIEE GKLVIWINGD KGYNGLAEVG KKFEKDTGIK VTVEHPDKLE EKFPQVAATG DGPDIIFWA HDRFGGYAQS GLLAEITPDK AFQDKLYPFT WDAVRYNGKL IAYPIAVEAL SLIYNKDLLP NPPKTWEEIP A LDKELKAK GKSALMFNLQ EPYFTWPLIA ADGGYAFKYA AGKYDIKDVG VDNAGAKAGL TFLVDLIKNK HMNADTDYSI AE AAFNKGE TAMTINGPWA WSNIDTSAVN YGVTVLPTFK GQPSKPFVGV LSAGINAASP NKELAKEFLE NYLLTDEGLE AVN KDKPLG AVALKSYEEE LAKDPRIAAT MENAQKGEIM PNIPQMSAFW YAVRTAVINA ASGRQTVDEA LKDAQTILNS STED GIKRI QDDCPKAGRH NYIFVMIPTL YSIIFVVGIF GNSLVVIVIY FYMKLKTVAS VFLLNLALAD LCALLTLPLW AVYTA MEYR WPFGNYLCKI ASASVSFNLY ASVFLLTCLS IDRYLAIVHP MKSRLRRTML VAKVTCIIIW LLAGLASLPA IIHRNV FFI ENTNITVCAF HYESQNSTLP IGLGLTKNIL GFLFPFLIIL TSYTLIWKAL KKAYEIQKNK PRNDDIFKII MAIVLFF FF SWIPHQIFTF LDVLIQLGII RDCRIADIVD TAMPITICIA YFNACLNPLF YGFLGKKFKR YFLQLLKYIP PKAKSHSN L STKM

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Macromolecule #2: SAR1-AngII

MacromoleculeName: SAR1-AngII / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2
Details: This peptide Sar1-AngII is the ligand of the protein angiotensin receptor.
Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 1.004185 KDa
SequenceString:
(SAR)RVYIHPF

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 43.534449 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MHHHHHHHHH HTLESIMACC LSEEAKEARR INDEIERQLR RDKRDARREL KLLLLGTGES GKSTFIKQMR IIHGSGYSDE DKRGFTKLV YQNIFTAMQA MIRAMDTLKI PYKYEHNKAH AQLVREVDVE KVSAFENPYV DAIKSLWNDP GIQECYDRRR E YQLSDSTK ...String:
MHHHHHHHHH HTLESIMACC LSEEAKEARR INDEIERQLR RDKRDARREL KLLLLGTGES GKSTFIKQMR IIHGSGYSDE DKRGFTKLV YQNIFTAMQA MIRAMDTLKI PYKYEHNKAH AQLVREVDVE KVSAFENPYV DAIKSLWNDP GIQECYDRRR E YQLSDSTK YYLNDLDRVA DPAYLPTQQD VLRVQVPTTG IIEYPFDLQS VIFRMVDVGG LRSERRKWIH CFENVTSIMF LV ALSEYDQ VLVESDNENR MEESKALFRT IITYPWFQNS SVILFLNKKD LLEEKIMYSH LVDYFPEYDG PQRDAQAARE FIL KMFVDL NPDSDKIIYS HFTCATDTEN IRFVFAAVKD TILQLNLKEY NLV

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha

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Macromolecule #4: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 39.086641 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MHHHHHHHHH HGSSGSELDQ LRQEAEQLKN QIRDARKACA DATLSQITNN IDPVGRIQMR TRRTLRGHLA KIYAMHWGTD SRLLVSASQ DGKLIIWDSY TTNKVHAIPL RSSWVMTCAY APSGNYVACG GLDNICSIYN LKTREGNVRV SRELAGHTGY L SCCRFLDD ...String:
MHHHHHHHHH HGSSGSELDQ LRQEAEQLKN QIRDARKACA DATLSQITNN IDPVGRIQMR TRRTLRGHLA KIYAMHWGTD SRLLVSASQ DGKLIIWDSY TTNKVHAIPL RSSWVMTCAY APSGNYVACG GLDNICSIYN LKTREGNVRV SRELAGHTGY L SCCRFLDD NQIVTSSGDT TCALWDIETG QQTTTFTGHT GDVMSLSLAP DTRLFVSGAC DASAKLWDVR EGMCRQTFTG HE SDINAIC FFPNGNAFAT GSDDATCRLF DLRADQELMT YSHDNIICGI TSVSFSKSGR LLLAGYDDFN CNVWDALKAD RAG VLAGHD NRVSCLGVTD DGMAVATGSW DSFLKIWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #5: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 9.242612 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
MHHHHHHHHH HASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFCAI L

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #6: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #7: CHOLESTEROL

MacromoleculeName: CHOLESTEROL / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 6 / Formula: CLR
Molecular weightTheoretical: 386.654 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 BASE (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 64.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: PDB ENTRY
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.9 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 2380323
Initial angle assignmentType: OTHER
Final angle assignmentType: OTHER

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