- EMDB-27489: Cryo-EM structure of cystinosin in a lumen-open state -
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基本情報
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データベース: EMDB / ID: EMD-27489
タイトル
Cryo-EM structure of cystinosin in a lumen-open state
マップデータ
Cystinosin Apo Lumen-open
試料
複合体: Cystinosin-Fab 3H5 complex in lumen-open conformation
複合体: Cystinosin
タンパク質・ペプチド: Isoform 2 of Cystinosin
複合体: Fab 3H5
タンパク質・ペプチド: Fab 3H5 Heavy Chain
タンパク質・ペプチド: Fab 3H5 Kappa chain
キーワード
Cystine / transporter / lysosome / MEMBRANE PROTEIN / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-Transport protein complex
機能・相同性
機能・相同性情報
regulation of melanin biosynthetic process / solute:proton symporter activity / L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity / L-cystine transport / Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides / Miscellaneous transport and binding events / regulation of TORC1 signaling / melanin biosynthetic process / grooming behavior / melanosome membrane ...regulation of melanin biosynthetic process / solute:proton symporter activity / L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity / L-cystine transport / Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides / Miscellaneous transport and binding events / regulation of TORC1 signaling / melanin biosynthetic process / grooming behavior / melanosome membrane / amino acid metabolic process / lens development in camera-type eye / adult walking behavior / long-term memory / ATP metabolic process / monoatomic ion transport / positive regulation of TORC1 signaling / glutathione metabolic process / brain development / visual learning / transmembrane transport / cognition / late endosome / melanosome / protein transport / lysosome / lysosomal membrane / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / extracellular exosome / plasma membrane 類似検索 - 分子機能
Lysosomal cystine transporter / Repeated motif present between transmembrane helices in cystinosin, yeast ERS1p, mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1, and other hypothetical proteins. / PQ-loop repeat / PQ loop repeat 類似検索 - ドメイン・相同性
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)
米国
Welch Foundation
米国
引用
ジャーナル: Cell / 年: 2022 タイトル: Structure and mechanism of human cystine exporter cystinosin. 著者: Xue Guo / Philip Schmiege / Tufa E Assafa / Rong Wang / Yan Xu / Linda Donnelly / Michael Fine / Xiaodan Ni / Jiansen Jiang / Glenn Millhauser / Liang Feng / Xiaochun Li / 要旨: Lysosomal amino acid efflux by proton-driven transporters is essential for lysosomal homeostasis, amino acid recycling, mTOR signaling, and maintaining lysosomal pH. To unravel the mechanisms of ...Lysosomal amino acid efflux by proton-driven transporters is essential for lysosomal homeostasis, amino acid recycling, mTOR signaling, and maintaining lysosomal pH. To unravel the mechanisms of these transporters, we focus on cystinosin, a prototypical lysosomal amino acid transporter that exports cystine to the cytosol, where its reduction to cysteine supplies this limiting amino acid for diverse fundamental processes and controlling nutrient adaptation. Cystinosin mutations cause cystinosis, a devastating lysosomal storage disease. Here, we present structures of human cystinosin in lumen-open, cytosol-open, and cystine-bound states, which uncover the cystine recognition mechanism and capture the key conformational states of the transport cycle. Our structures, along with functional studies and double electron-electron resonance spectroscopic investigations, reveal the molecular basis for the transporter's conformational transitions and protonation switch, show conformation-dependent Ragulator-Rag complex engagement, and demonstrate an unexpected activation mechanism. These findings provide molecular insights into lysosomal amino acid efflux and a potential therapeutic strategy.