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- EMDB-2743: Conformational Snapshots of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-2743
TitleConformational Snapshots of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS)
Map dataSingle-particle reconstruction of iNOS: Group II, Conformation xi
Sample
  • Sample: Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Protein or peptide: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Keywordsheterogeneity / random conical tilt / nitric oxide synthase / calmodulin / heme / electron transfer / flavin
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase / ROS and RNS production in phagocytes / peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation / Peroxisomal protein import / prostaglandin secretion / tetrahydrobiopterin binding / arginine binding / superoxide metabolic process / regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response / cortical cytoskeleton ...Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase / ROS and RNS production in phagocytes / peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation / Peroxisomal protein import / prostaglandin secretion / tetrahydrobiopterin binding / arginine binding / superoxide metabolic process / regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response / cortical cytoskeleton / cellular response to cytokine stimulus / Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis / nitric-oxide synthase (NADPH) / nitric-oxide synthase activity / L-arginine catabolic process / nitric oxide biosynthetic process / regulation of insulin secretion / positive regulation of interleukin-8 production / response to bacterium / circadian rhythm / negative regulation of protein catabolic process / cellular response to type II interferon / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus / peroxisome / FMN binding / flavin adenine dinucleotide binding / NADP binding / regulation of cell population proliferation / cellular response to lipopolysaccharide / response to lipopolysaccharide / calmodulin binding / response to hypoxia / defense response to bacterium / iron ion binding / inflammatory response / negative regulation of gene expression / heme binding / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / protein homodimerization activity / metal ion binding / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Ser/Thr protein kinase, TGFB receptor / Nitric-oxide synthase, eukaryote / Nitric oxide synthase, N-terminal / Nitric oxide synthase, N-terminal domain superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 2 superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 1 superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 3 superfamily / : / Nitric oxide synthase, oxygenase domain / Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) signature. ...Ser/Thr protein kinase, TGFB receptor / Nitric-oxide synthase, eukaryote / Nitric oxide synthase, N-terminal / Nitric oxide synthase, N-terminal domain superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 2 superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 1 superfamily / Nitric oxide synthase, domain 3 superfamily / : / Nitric oxide synthase, oxygenase domain / Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) signature. / Sulfite reductase [NADPH] flavoprotein alpha-component-like, FAD-binding / NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase, FAD-binding, alpha-helical domain superfamily / FAD binding domain / Flavodoxin-like / Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase / Flavodoxin / Flavodoxin-like domain profile. / Flavodoxin/nitric oxide synthase / Oxidoreductase FAD/NAD(P)-binding / Oxidoreductase NAD-binding domain / FAD-binding domain, ferredoxin reductase-type / Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR), nucleotide-binding domain / Ferredoxin reductase-type FAD binding domain profile. / Riboflavin synthase-like beta-barrel / Flavoprotein-like superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesMus musculus (house mouse)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / negative staining / Resolution: 73.0 Å
AuthorsCampbell MG / Smith BC / Potter CS / Carragher B / Marletta MA
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2014
Title: Molecular architecture of mammalian nitric oxide synthases.
Authors: Melody G Campbell / Brian C Smith / Clinton S Potter / Bridget Carragher / Michael A Marletta /
Abstract: NOSs are homodimeric multidomain enzymes responsible for producing NO. In mammals, NO acts as an intercellular messenger in a variety of signaling reactions, as well as a cytotoxin in the innate ...NOSs are homodimeric multidomain enzymes responsible for producing NO. In mammals, NO acts as an intercellular messenger in a variety of signaling reactions, as well as a cytotoxin in the innate immune response. Mammals possess three NOS isoforms--inducible, endothelial, and neuronal NOS--that are composed of an N-terminal oxidase domain and a C-terminal reductase domain. Calmodulin (CaM) activates NO synthesis by binding to the helical region connecting these two domains. Although crystal structures of isolated domains have been reported, no structure is available for full-length NOS. We used high-throughput single-particle EM to obtain the structures and higher-order domain organization of all three NOS holoenzymes. The structures of inducible, endothelial, and neuronal NOS with and without CaM bound are similar, consisting of a dimerized oxidase domain flanked by two separated reductase domains. NOS isoforms adopt many conformations enabled by three flexible linkers. These conformations represent snapshots of the continuous electron transfer pathway from the reductase domain to the oxidase domain, which reveal that only a single reductase domain participates in electron transfer at a time, and that CaM activates NOS by constraining rotational motions and by directly binding to the oxidase domain. Direct visualization of these large conformational changes induced during electron transfer provides significant insight into the molecular underpinnings governing NO formation.
History
DepositionJul 29, 2014-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 3, 2014-
Map releaseSep 10, 2014-
UpdateSep 17, 2014-
Current statusSep 17, 2014Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.895
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
  • Download
  • Surface view colored by height
  • Surface level: 0.895
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
  • Download
Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_2743.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_2743.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 162.5 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationSingle-particle reconstruction of iNOS: Group II, Conformation xi
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.36 Å/pix.
x 352 pix.
= 478.72 Å		1.36 Å/pix.
x 352 pix.
= 478.72 Å		1.36 Å/pix.
x 352 pix.
= 478.72 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.36 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.895 / Movie #1: 0.895
Minimum - Maximum-1.01285613 - 2.54349995
Average (Standard dev.)0.00351517 (±0.12931694)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin-176-190-176
Dimensions352352352
Spacing352352352
CellA=B=C: 478.72 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.361.361.36
M x/y/z352352352
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z478.720478.720478.720
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ442626
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS-190-176-176
NC/NR/NS352352352
D min/max/mean-1.0132.5430.004

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

EntireName: Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Components
  • Sample: Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Protein or peptide: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

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Supramolecule #1000: Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

SupramoleculeName: Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase / type: sample / ID: 1000 / Details: Sample is highly flexible / Oligomeric state: Homodimer / Number unique components: 1
Molecular weightTheoretical: 260 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

MacromoleculeName: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Name.synonym: iNOS / Number of copies: 1 / Oligomeric state: Homodimer / Recombinant expression: Yes
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse) / synonym: House mouse / Cell: Macrophages
Molecular weightTheoretical: 260 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / Recombinant cell: JM109 / Recombinant plasmid: pCWiNOS
SequenceUniProtKB: Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
GO: nitric oxide biosynthetic process, FMN binding, NADP binding, calmodulin binding, flavin adenine dinucleotide binding, heme binding, iron ion binding, nitric-oxide synthase activity
InterPro: Ser/Thr protein kinase, TGFB receptor

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodnegative staining
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5 / Details: 50 mM TEA pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, and 5 mM DTT
StainingType: NEGATIVE
Details: 3 microliters of sample were applied to grid. The specimen was stained twice with 2% uranyl formate, then allowed to air-dry.
GridDetails: Glow discharged C-flat grid with 2-micron-diameter holes overlaid by thin 1.5 nm continuous carbon
VitrificationCryogen name: NONE / Instrument: OTHER

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TECNAI F20
DateMar 6, 2013
Image recordingCategory: CCD / Film or detector model: TVIPS TEMCAM-F416 (4k x 4k) / Number real images: 2226 / Average electron dose: 37 e/Å2
Details: Each area is imaged twice: once at 55 degrees and again with no tilt.
Tilt angle min0
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 200 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsCalibrated magnification: 114705 / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm / Nominal magnification: 62000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: SIDE ENTRY, EUCENTRIC / Tilt angle max: 55
Experimental equipment
Model: Tecnai F20 / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

DetailsSee publication.
CTF correctionDetails: Each Image
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: OTHER / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 73.0 Å / Resolution method: OTHER / Software - Name: Appion, Spider / Details: See publication. / Number images used: 202
Final two d classificationNumber classes: 1

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