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- EMDB-23654: Asymmetric Activation of the Calcium Sensing Receptor Homodimer -

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Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-23654
TitleAsymmetric Activation of the Calcium Sensing Receptor Homodimer
Map dataactive-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide and evocalcet, composite map of ECD and TMD local refinement maps.
Sample
  • Complex: active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complexed with positive allosteric modulators etelcalcetide and evocalcet
    • Protein or peptide: Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor
    • Protein or peptide: etelcalcetide
  • Ligand: 2-[4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]ethanoic acid
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: TRYPTOPHAN
  • Ligand: CALCIUM ION
  • Ligand: PHOSPHATE ION
KeywordsGPCR / calcium sensing receptor / active state / positive allosteric modulator / family C GPCR / MEMBRANE PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / bile acid secretion / chemosensory behavior / response to fibroblast growth factor / cellular response to peptide / cellular response to vitamin D / phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phospholipase C activity / Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) / calcium ion import / positive regulation of positive chemotaxis ...regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / bile acid secretion / chemosensory behavior / response to fibroblast growth factor / cellular response to peptide / cellular response to vitamin D / phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phospholipase C activity / Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) / calcium ion import / positive regulation of positive chemotaxis / fat pad development / cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus / amino acid binding / branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube / positive regulation of vasoconstriction / positive regulation of calcium ion import / regulation of calcium ion transport / cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus / anatomical structure morphogenesis / detection of calcium ion / JNK cascade / axon terminus / ossification / chloride transmembrane transport / response to ischemia / cellular response to glucose stimulus / G protein-coupled receptor activity / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of insulin secretion / vasodilation / integrin binding / intracellular calcium ion homeostasis / presynaptic membrane / G alpha (i) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / basolateral plasma membrane / G alpha (q) signalling events / cellular response to hypoxia / transmembrane transporter binding / positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / apical plasma membrane / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / neuronal cell body / positive regulation of cell population proliferation / calcium ion binding / positive regulation of gene expression / protein kinase binding / glutamatergic synapse / cell surface / protein homodimerization activity / identical protein binding / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
GPCR, family 3, extracellular calcium-sensing receptor-related / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 1. / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 3. / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 2. / GPCR, family 3, nine cysteines domain / GPCR, family 3, nine cysteines domain superfamily / Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR / GPCR, family 3, conserved site / GPCR, family 3 / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 profile. ...GPCR, family 3, extracellular calcium-sensing receptor-related / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 1. / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 3. / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 signature 2. / GPCR, family 3, nine cysteines domain / GPCR, family 3, nine cysteines domain superfamily / Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR / GPCR, family 3, conserved site / GPCR, family 3 / G-protein coupled receptors family 3 profile. / GPCR family 3, C-terminal / 7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR / Receptor, ligand binding region / Receptor family ligand binding region / Periplasmic binding protein-like I
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / synthetic construct (others)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.5 Å
AuthorsGao Y / Robertson MJ / Zhang C / Meyerowitz JG / Panova O / Skiniotis G
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)R01NS092695 United States
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2021
Title: Asymmetric activation of the calcium-sensing receptor homodimer.
Authors: Yang Gao / Michael J Robertson / Sabrina N Rahman / Alpay B Seven / Chensong Zhang / Justin G Meyerowitz / Ouliana Panova / Fadil M Hannan / Rajesh V Thakker / Hans Bräuner-Osborne / Jesper ...Authors: Yang Gao / Michael J Robertson / Sabrina N Rahman / Alpay B Seven / Chensong Zhang / Justin G Meyerowitz / Ouliana Panova / Fadil M Hannan / Rajesh V Thakker / Hans Bräuner-Osborne / Jesper M Mathiesen / Georgios Skiniotis /
Abstract: The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a cell-surface sensor for Ca, is the master regulator of calcium homeostasis in humans and is the target of calcimimetic drugs for the treatment of parathyroid ...The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a cell-surface sensor for Ca, is the master regulator of calcium homeostasis in humans and is the target of calcimimetic drugs for the treatment of parathyroid disorders. CaSR is a family C G-protein-coupled receptor that functions as an obligate homodimer, with each protomer composed of a Ca-binding extracellular domain and a seven-transmembrane-helix domain (7TM) that activates heterotrimeric G proteins. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of near-full-length human CaSR in inactive or active states bound to Ca and various calcilytic or calcimimetic drug molecules. We show that, upon activation, the CaSR homodimer adopts an asymmetric 7TM configuration that primes one protomer for G-protein coupling. This asymmetry is stabilized by 7TM-targeting calcimimetic drugs adopting distinctly different poses in the two protomers, whereas the binding of a calcilytic drug locks CaSR 7TMs in an inactive symmetric configuration. These results provide a detailed structural framework for CaSR activation and the rational design of therapeutics targeting this receptor.
History
DepositionMar 18, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 30, 2021-
Map releaseJun 30, 2021-
UpdateMay 28, 2025-
Current statusMay 28, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 1.2
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 1.2
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7m3g
  • Surface level: 1.8
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_23654.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_23654.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 178 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotationactive-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide and evocalcet, composite map of ECD and TMD local refinement maps.
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.11 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 399.6 Å		1.11 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 399.6 Å		1.11 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 399.6 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.11 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.9 / Movie #1: 1.2
Minimum - Maximum-1.2909489 - 14.580418
Average (Standard dev.)0.006512114 (±0.1452746)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions360360360
Spacing360360360
CellA=B=C: 399.6 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.111.111.11
M x/y/z360360360
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z399.600399.600399.600
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ220220220
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS360360360
D min/max/mean-1.29114.5800.007

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: active-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide...

Fileemd_23654_additional_1.map
Annotationactive-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide and evocalcet, ECD local refinement map.
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Additional map: active-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide...

Fileemd_23654_additional_2.map
Annotationactive-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide and evocalcet, TMD local refinement map.
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Additional map: active-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide...

Fileemd_23654_additional_3.map
Annotationactive-state human calcium sensing receptor complexed with etelcalcetide and evocalcet, global map without local refinement.
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complex...

EntireName: active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complexed with positive allosteric modulators etelcalcetide and evocalcet
Components
  • Complex: active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complexed with positive allosteric modulators etelcalcetide and evocalcet
    • Protein or peptide: Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor
    • Protein or peptide: etelcalcetide
  • Ligand: 2-[4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]ethanoic acid
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: TRYPTOPHAN
  • Ligand: CALCIUM ION
  • Ligand: PHOSPHATE ION

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Supramolecule #1: active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complex...

SupramoleculeName: active-state human extracellular calcium-sensing receptor complexed with positive allosteric modulators etelcalcetide and evocalcet
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 200 kDa/nm

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Macromolecule #1: Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor

MacromoleculeName: Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1
Details: 1-16 is signaling sequence, 17-24 is FLAG epitope tag, 25-27 is an 3-alanine linker, the receptor sequence starts at residue Y28 that should be re-numbered to 20, and ends at V902 that ...Details: 1-16 is signaling sequence, 17-24 is FLAG epitope tag, 25-27 is an 3-alanine linker, the receptor sequence starts at residue Y28 that should be re-numbered to 20, and ends at V902 that should be re-numbered to 894.
Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 101.745445 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDKAAAYGP DQRAQKKGDI ILGGLFPIHF GVAAKDQDLK SRPESVECIR YNFRGFRWLQ AMIFAIEEI NSSPALLPNL TLGYRIFDTC NTVSKALEAT LSFVAQNKID SLNLDEFCNC SEHIPSTIAV VGATGSGVST A VANLLGLF ...String:
MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDKAAAYGP DQRAQKKGDI ILGGLFPIHF GVAAKDQDLK SRPESVECIR YNFRGFRWLQ AMIFAIEEI NSSPALLPNL TLGYRIFDTC NTVSKALEAT LSFVAQNKID SLNLDEFCNC SEHIPSTIAV VGATGSGVST A VANLLGLF YIPQVSYASS SRLLSNKNQF KSFLRTIPND EHQATAMADI IEYFRWNWVG TIAADDDYGR PGIEKFREEA EE RDICIDF SELISQYSDE EEIQHVVEVI QNSTAKVIVV FSSGPDLEPL IKEIVRRNIT GKIWLASEAW ASSSLIAMPQ YFH VVGGTI GFALKAGQIP GFREFLKKVH PRKSVHNGFA KEFWEETFNC HLQEGAKGPL PVDTFLRGHE ESGDRFSNSS TAFR PLCTG DENISSVETP YIDYTHLRIS YNVYLAVYSI AHALQDIYTC LPGRGLFTNG SCADIKKVEA WQVLKHLRHL NFTNN MGEQ VTFDECGDLV GNYSIINWHL SPEDGSIVFK EVGYYNVYAK KGERLFINEE KILWSGFSRE VPFSNCSRDC LAGTRK GII EGEPTCCFEC VECPDGEYSD ETDASACNKC PDDFWSNENH TSCIAKEIEF LSWTEPFGIA LTLFAVLGIF LTAFVLG VF IKFRNTPIVK ATNRELSYLL LFSLLCCFSS SLFFIGEPQD WTCRLRQPAF GISFVLCISC ILVKTNRVLL VFEAKIPT S FHRKWWGLNL QFLLVFLCTF MQIVICVIWL YTAPPSSYRN QELEDEIIFI TCHEGSLMAL GFLIGYTCLL AAICFFFAF KSRKLPENFN EAKFITFSML IFFIVWISFI PAYASTYGKF VSAVEVIAIL AASFGLLACI FFNKIYIILF KPSRNTIEEV RCSTAAHAF KVAARATLRR SNV

UniProtKB: Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor

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Macromolecule #2: etelcalcetide

MacromoleculeName: etelcalcetide / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: DEXTRO
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 916.134 Da
SequenceString:
(ACE)(DCY)(DAL)(DAR)(DAR)(DAR)(DAL)(DAR)(NH2)

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Macromolecule #4: 2-[4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]...

MacromoleculeName: 2-[4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]ethanoic acid
type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: H43
Molecular weightTheoretical: 374.475 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-H43:
2-[4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]amino]pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]ethanoic acid

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Macromolecule #5: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 5 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #6: TRYPTOPHAN

MacromoleculeName: TRYPTOPHAN / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: TRP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 204.225 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-TRP:
TRYPTOPHAN

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Macromolecule #7: CALCIUM ION

MacromoleculeName: CALCIUM ION / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: CA
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.078 Da

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Macromolecule #8: PHOSPHATE ION

MacromoleculeName: PHOSPHATE ION / type: ligand / ID: 8 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: PO4
Molecular weightTheoretical: 94.971 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-PO4:
PHOSPHATE ION

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration7 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 64.9 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 70.0 µm / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: SerialEM / Number images used: 482939
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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