ジャーナル: Nat Commun / 年: 2025 タイトル: T cell toxicity induced by tigecycline binding to the mitochondrial ribosome. 著者: Qiuya Shao / Anas Khawaja / Minh Duc Nguyen / Vivek Singh / Jingdian Zhang / Yong Liu / Joel Nordin / Monika Adori / C Axel Innis / Xaquin Castro Dopico / Joanna Rorbach / 要旨: Tetracyclines are essential bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors under continual development to combat antibiotic resistance yet suffer from unwanted side effects. Mitoribosomes - responsible for ...Tetracyclines are essential bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors under continual development to combat antibiotic resistance yet suffer from unwanted side effects. Mitoribosomes - responsible for generating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) subunits - share structural similarities with bacterial machinery and may suffer from cross-reactivity. Since lymphocytes rely upon OXPHOS upregulation to establish immunity, we set out to assess the impact of ribosome-targeting antibiotics on human T cells. We find tigecycline, a third-generation tetracycline, to be the most cytotoxic compound tested. In vitro, 5-10 μM tigecycline inhibits mitochondrial but not cytosolic translation, mitochondrial complex I, III and IV expression, and curtails the activation and expansion of unique T cell subsets. By cryo-EM, we find tigecycline to occupy three sites on T cell mitoribosomes. In addition to the conserved A-site found in bacteria, tigecycline also attaches to the peptidyl transferase center of the large subunit. Furthermore, a third, distinct binding site on the large subunit, aligns with helices analogous to those in bacteria, albeit lacking methylation in humans. The data provide a mechanism to explain part of the anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs and inform antibiotic design.