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- EMDB-17205: Human RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2) complex, 3.4 A resolution -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-17205
TitleHuman RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2) complex, 3.4 A resolution
Map data(HANDEDNESS INVERTED)
Sample
  • Complex: RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2)
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein XRCC2
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: MAGNESIUM ION
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE
KeywordsComplex / ssDNA-binding / ATPase / RAD51 / DNA BINDING PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


meiotic DNA recombinase assembly / Rad51C-XRCC3 complex / Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2 complex / female meiosis sister chromatid cohesion / blastocyst growth / crossover junction DNA endonuclease activity / somite development / telomere maintenance via recombination / Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB2 / DNA strand invasion ...meiotic DNA recombinase assembly / Rad51C-XRCC3 complex / Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2 complex / female meiosis sister chromatid cohesion / blastocyst growth / crossover junction DNA endonuclease activity / somite development / telomere maintenance via recombination / Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB2 / DNA strand invasion / gamma-tubulin binding / reciprocal meiotic recombination / sister chromatid cohesion / regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process / centrosome cycle / Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA1 loss of function / Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function / Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function / Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange / Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand Annealing (SDSA) / Resolution of D-loop Structures through Holliday Junction Intermediates / positive regulation of neurogenesis / ATP-dependent DNA damage sensor activity / male meiosis I / Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange / response to X-ray / ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA / somitogenesis / interstrand cross-link repair / four-way junction DNA binding / positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle / telomere maintenance / neurogenesis / meiotic cell cycle / replication fork / response to gamma radiation / TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes / double-strand break repair via homologous recombination / HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) / multicellular organism growth / Meiotic recombination / cell junction / mitotic cell cycle / single-stranded DNA binding / Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production / spermatogenesis / double-stranded DNA binding / DNA recombination / in utero embryonic development / negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process / chromosome, telomeric region / regulation of cell cycle / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / DNA repair / centrosome / positive regulation of cell population proliferation / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / ATP hydrolysis activity / mitochondrion / DNA binding / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / nucleus / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
DNA repair protein XRCC2 / DNA repair protein RAD51 homologue 2 / : / : / RAD51D, N-terminal domain / DNA recombination and repair protein, RecA-like / DNA recombination and repair protein Rad51-like, C-terminal / Rad51 / DNA recombination and repair protein RecA-like, ATP-binding domain / RecA family profile 1. ...DNA repair protein XRCC2 / DNA repair protein RAD51 homologue 2 / : / : / RAD51D, N-terminal domain / DNA recombination and repair protein, RecA-like / DNA recombination and repair protein Rad51-like, C-terminal / Rad51 / DNA recombination and repair protein RecA-like, ATP-binding domain / RecA family profile 1. / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 / DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3 / DNA repair protein XRCC2 / DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.4 Å
AuthorsGreenhough LA / Liang CC / West SC
Funding support United Kingdom, European Union, 5 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)BB/W01355X/1 United Kingdom
Cancer Research UKCC2098 United Kingdom
Medical Research Council (MRC, United Kingdom)CC2098 United Kingdom
Wellcome TrustCC2098 United Kingdom
European Research Council (ERC)ERC-ADG-666400European Union
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2023
Title: Structure and function of the RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 tumour suppressor.
Authors: Luke A Greenhough / Chih-Chao Liang / Ondrej Belan / Simone Kunzelmann / Sarah Maslen / Monica C Rodrigo-Brenni / Roopesh Anand / Mark Skehel / Simon J Boulton / Stephen C West /
Abstract: Homologous recombination is a fundamental process of life. It is required for the protection and restart of broken replication forks, the repair of chromosome breaks and the exchange of genetic ...Homologous recombination is a fundamental process of life. It is required for the protection and restart of broken replication forks, the repair of chromosome breaks and the exchange of genetic material during meiosis. Individuals with mutations in key recombination genes, such as BRCA2 (also known as FANCD1), or the RAD51 paralogues RAD51B, RAD51C (also known as FANCO), RAD51D, XRCC2 (also known as FANCU) and XRCC3, are predisposed to breast, ovarian and prostate cancers and the cancer-prone syndrome Fanconi anaemia. The BRCA2 tumour suppressor protein-the product of BRCA2-is well characterized, but the cellular functions of the RAD51 paralogues remain unclear. Genetic knockouts display growth defects, reduced RAD51 focus formation, spontaneous chromosome abnormalities, sensitivity to PARP inhibitors and replication fork defects, but the precise molecular roles of RAD51 paralogues in fork stability, DNA repair and cancer avoidance remain unknown. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy, AlphaFold2 modelling and structural proteomics to determine the structure of the RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 complex (BCDX2), revealing that RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 mimics three RAD51 protomers aligned within a nucleoprotein filament, whereas RAD51B is highly dynamic. Biochemical and single-molecule analyses showed that BCDX2 stimulates the nucleation and extension of RAD51 filaments-which are essential for recombinational DNA repair-in reactions that depend on the coupled ATPase activities of RAD51B and RAD51C. Our studies demonstrate that BCDX2 orchestrates RAD51 assembly on single stranded DNA for replication fork protection and double strand break repair, in reactions that are critical for tumour avoidance.
History
DepositionApr 25, 2023-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 21, 2023-
Map releaseJun 21, 2023-
UpdateAug 2, 2023-
Current statusAug 2, 2023Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_17205.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_17205.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotation(HANDEDNESS INVERTED)
Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.08 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.009
Minimum - Maximum-0.074390896 - 0.12319925
Average (Standard dev.)0.00006305004 (±0.0019192407)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 276.48 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: Corrected handedness

Fileemd_17205_half_map_1.map
AnnotationCorrected handedness
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Corrected handedness

Fileemd_17205_half_map_2.map
AnnotationCorrected handedness
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2)

EntireName: RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2)
Components
  • Complex: RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2)
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4
    • Protein or peptide: DNA repair protein XRCC2
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: MAGNESIUM ION
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE

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Supramolecule #1: RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2)

SupramoleculeName: RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2) / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#4
Details: Recombinant BCDX2 complexes purified from Sf9 insect cells, crosslinked with 0.005% glutaraldehyde (RT, 10 minutes) in the presence of 30 nt ssDNA, and vitrified in the presence of ADP.AlFx. ...Details: Recombinant BCDX2 complexes purified from Sf9 insect cells, crosslinked with 0.005% glutaraldehyde (RT, 10 minutes) in the presence of 30 nt ssDNA, and vitrified in the presence of ADP.AlFx. Map was enhanced using DeepEMhancer
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2

MacromoleculeName: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 38.296984 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGSKKLKRVG LSQELCDRLS RHQILTCQDF LCLSPLELMK VTGLSYRGVH ELLCMVSRAC APKMQTAYGI KAQRSADFSP AFLSTTLSA LDEALHGGVA CGSLTEITGP PGCGKTQFCI MMSILATLPT NMGGLEGAVV YIDTESAFSA ERLVEIAESR F PRYFNTEE ...String:
MGSKKLKRVG LSQELCDRLS RHQILTCQDF LCLSPLELMK VTGLSYRGVH ELLCMVSRAC APKMQTAYGI KAQRSADFSP AFLSTTLSA LDEALHGGVA CGSLTEITGP PGCGKTQFCI MMSILATLPT NMGGLEGAVV YIDTESAFSA ERLVEIAESR F PRYFNTEE KLLLTSSKVH LYRELTCDEV LQRIESLEEE IISKGIKLVI LDSVASVVRK EFDAQLQGNL KERNKFLARE AS SLKYLAE EFSIPVILTN QITTHLSGAL ASQADLVSPA DDLSLSEGTS GSSCVIAALG NTWSHSVNTR LILQYLDSER RQI LIAKSP LAPFTSFVYT IKEEGLVLQA YGNS

UniProtKB: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2

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Macromolecule #2: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3

MacromoleculeName: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 42.244609 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MRGKTFRFEM QRDLVSFPLS PAVRVKLVSA GFQTAEELLE VKPSELSKEV GISKAEALET LQIIRRECLT NKPRYAGTSE SHKKCTALE LLEQEHTQGF IITFCSALDD ILGGGVPLMK TTEICGAPGV GKTQLCMQLA VDVQIPECFG GVAGEAVFID T EGSFMVDR ...String:
MRGKTFRFEM QRDLVSFPLS PAVRVKLVSA GFQTAEELLE VKPSELSKEV GISKAEALET LQIIRRECLT NKPRYAGTSE SHKKCTALE LLEQEHTQGF IITFCSALDD ILGGGVPLMK TTEICGAPGV GKTQLCMQLA VDVQIPECFG GVAGEAVFID T EGSFMVDR VVDLATACIQ HLQLIAEKHK GEEHRKALED FTLDNILSHI YYFRCRDYTE LLAQVYLLPD FLSEHSKVRL VI VDGIAFP FRHDLDDLSL RTRLLNGLAQ QMISLANNHR LAVILTNQMT TKIDRNQALL VPALGESWGH AATIRLIFHW DRK QRLATL YKSPSQKECT VLFQIKPQGF RDTVVTSACS LQTEGSLSTR KRSRDPEEEL

UniProtKB: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3

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Macromolecule #3: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4

MacromoleculeName: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 35.084254 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGVLRVGLCP GLTEEMIQLL RSHRIKTVVD LVSADLEEVA QKCGLSYKAL VALRRVLLAQ FSAFPVNGAD LYEELKTSTA ILSTGIGSL DKLLDAGLYT GEVTEIVGGP GSGKTQVCLC MAANVAHGLQ QNVLYVDSNG GLTASRLLQL LQAKTQDEEE Q AEALRRIQ ...String:
MGVLRVGLCP GLTEEMIQLL RSHRIKTVVD LVSADLEEVA QKCGLSYKAL VALRRVLLAQ FSAFPVNGAD LYEELKTSTA ILSTGIGSL DKLLDAGLYT GEVTEIVGGP GSGKTQVCLC MAANVAHGLQ QNVLYVDSNG GLTASRLLQL LQAKTQDEEE Q AEALRRIQ VVHAFDIFQM LDVLQELRGT VAQQVTGSSG TVKVVVVDSV TAVVSPLLGG QQREGLALMM QLARELKTLA RD LGMAVVV TNHITRDRDS GRLKPALGRS WSFVPSTRIL LDTIEGAGAS GGRRMACLAK SSRQPTGFQE MVDIGTWGTS EQS ATLQGD QT

UniProtKB: DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4

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Macromolecule #4: DNA repair protein XRCC2

MacromoleculeName: DNA repair protein XRCC2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 31.995525 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MCSAFHRAES GTELLARLEG RSSLKEIEPN LFADEDSPVH GDILEFHGPE GTGKTEMLYH LTARCILPKS EGGLEVEVLF IDTDYHFDM LRLVTILEHR LSQSSEEIIK YCLGRFFLVY CSSSTHLLLT LYSLESMFCS HPSLCLLILD SLSAFYWIDR V NGGESVNL ...String:
MCSAFHRAES GTELLARLEG RSSLKEIEPN LFADEDSPVH GDILEFHGPE GTGKTEMLYH LTARCILPKS EGGLEVEVLF IDTDYHFDM LRLVTILEHR LSQSSEEIIK YCLGRFFLVY CSSSTHLLLT LYSLESMFCS HPSLCLLILD SLSAFYWIDR V NGGESVNL QESTLRKCSQ CLEKLVNDYR LVLFATTQTI MQKASSSSEE PSHASRRLCD VDIDYRPYLC KAWQQLVKHR MF FSKQDDS QSSNQFSLVS RCLKSNSLKK HFFIIGESGV EFC

UniProtKB: DNA repair protein XRCC2

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Macromolecule #5: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE

MacromoleculeName: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: ADP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 427.201 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-ADP:
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

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Macromolecule #6: MAGNESIUM ION

MacromoleculeName: MAGNESIUM ION / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: MG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 24.305 Da

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Macromolecule #7: ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE

MacromoleculeName: ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: ATP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 507.181 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-ATP:
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration0.25 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.5
Component:
ConcentrationFormulaName
25.0 mMHEPESHydroxyethylpiperazine
100.0 mMNaClSodium chloride
2.5 mMMgCl2Magnesium chloride
0.5 mMADPAdenosine diphoshpate
0.5 mMBeSO4Beryllium sulphate
10.0 mMNaFSodium fluoride
0.25 mMTCEPTris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine
0.0005 %Tween20Polysorbate 20

Details: 25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 2.5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM ADP.BeFx (0.5 mM ADP, 0.5 mM BeSO4, 10 mM NaF), 0.25 mM TCEP, 0.0005% Tween20
GridModel: UltrAuFoil R2/2 / Material: GOLD / Mesh: 200 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 60 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: AIR / Details: 25 mA
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 24449 / Average exposure time: 9.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 47.0 e/Å2
Details: 12,555 movies were collected with zero tilt, and a further 11,894 movies with a 20 degree tilt
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 50.0 µm / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 3.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.5 µm / Nominal magnification: 130000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 4528940
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionNumber classes used: 1 / Applied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 4.0) / Details: Map was enhanced using DeepEMhancer / Number images used: 87572
Initial angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 4.0)
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 4.0)
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelChain - Source name: AlphaFold / Chain - Initial model type: in silico model
DetailsAlphaFold2 monomer predictions of RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D and XRCC2 were docked into the EM density using Dock and Rebuild in Phenix. ATP and Mg2+ were added, and the coordinates were iteratively real space refined using Phenix and manually modified in COOT
RefinementSpace: REAL
Output model

PDB-8ouy:
Human RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2) complex, 3.4 A resolution

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