Journal: Nature / Year: 2022 Title: Cryo-EM structure of a type IV secretion system. Authors: Kévin Macé / Abhinav K Vadakkepat / Adam Redzej / Natalya Lukoyanova / Clasien Oomen / Nathalie Braun / Marta Ukleja / Fang Lu / Tiago R D Costa / Elena V Orlova / David Baker / Qian Cong ...Authors: Kévin Macé / Abhinav K Vadakkepat / Adam Redzej / Natalya Lukoyanova / Clasien Oomen / Nathalie Braun / Marta Ukleja / Fang Lu / Tiago R D Costa / Elena V Orlova / David Baker / Qian Cong / Gabriel Waksman / Abstract: Bacterial conjugation is the fundamental process of unidirectional transfer of DNAs, often plasmid DNAs, from a donor cell to a recipient cell. It is the primary means by which antibiotic resistance ...Bacterial conjugation is the fundamental process of unidirectional transfer of DNAs, often plasmid DNAs, from a donor cell to a recipient cell. It is the primary means by which antibiotic resistance genes spread among bacterial populations. In Gram-negative bacteria, conjugation is mediated by a large transport apparatus-the conjugative type IV secretion system (T4SS)-produced by the donor cell and embedded in both its outer and inner membranes. The T4SS also elaborates a long extracellular filament-the conjugative pilus-that is essential for DNA transfer. Here we present a high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a 2.8 megadalton T4SS complex composed of 92 polypeptides representing 8 of the 10 essential T4SS components involved in pilus biogenesis. We added the two remaining components to the structural model using co-evolution analysis of protein interfaces, to enable the reconstitution of the entire system including the pilus. This structure describes the exceptionally large protein-protein interaction network required to assemble the many components that constitute a T4SS and provides insights on the unique mechanism by which they elaborate pili.
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