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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9zbk | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | mTORC2 in complex with Akt1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components |
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Keywords | TRANSFERASE / cellular growth control / Torin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationpositive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity / regulation of tRNA methylation / negative regulation of protein maturation / negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation / positive regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum / regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process / negative regulation of lymphocyte migration / cellular response to rapamycin / negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome / maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion ...positive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity / regulation of tRNA methylation / negative regulation of protein maturation / negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation / positive regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum / regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process / negative regulation of lymphocyte migration / cellular response to rapamycin / negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome / maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion / AKT-mediated inactivation of FOXO1A / negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane / Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network / regulation of type B pancreatic cell development / positive regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process / activation-induced cell death of T cells / : / potassium channel activator activity / fibroblast migration / mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation / AKT phosphorylates targets in the nucleus / cardiac cell development / positive regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process / RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / regulation of locomotor rhythm / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus / negative regulation of cilium assembly / regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / Butyrate Response Factor 1 (BRF1) binds and destabilizes mRNA / TORC2 complex / cellular response to leucine starvation / TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding / positive regulation of TORC2 signaling / positive regulation of glucose metabolic process / regulation of lysosome organization / TORC1 complex / regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress / RUNX2 regulates genes involved in cell migration / negative regulation of lysosome organization / beta-arrestin-dependent dopamine receptor signaling pathway / regulation of osteoclast differentiation / RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I / positive regulation of keratinocyte migration / interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway / positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface / MTOR signalling / response to growth factor / cellular response to L-leucine / response to fluid shear stress / Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK / cellular response to nutrient / regulation of autophagosome assembly / cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction / Dengue virus modulates apoptosis / embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching / negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion / RAB GEFs exchange GTP for GDP on RABs / phosphatidic acid binding / glycogen biosynthetic process / cellular response to methionine / phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding / TORC2 signaling / complement receptor mediated signaling pathway / sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to osmotic stress / phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding / response to growth hormone / AKT phosphorylates targets in the cytosol / anoikis / regulation of postsynapse organization / inositol hexakisphosphate binding / regulation of neuron projection development / negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus / positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / KSRP (KHSRP) binds and destabilizes mRNA / response to UV-A / Regulation of TP53 Activity through Association with Co-factors / cellular response to stress / TORC2 complex binding / Mechanical load activates signaling by PIEZO1 and integrins in osteocytes / negative regulation of macroautophagy / Co-inhibition by CTLA4 / regulation of cell size / negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria / negative regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway / peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation / lipid biosynthetic process / Macroautophagy / negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response / Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III Similarity search - Function | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.6 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Wranik, M. / Lee, J.M. / Rogala, K.B. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, Germany, 6items
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Citation | Journal: Science / Year: 2026Title: Structural basis for the recruitment and selective phosphorylation of Akt by mTORC2. Authors: Martin S Taylor / Maggie Chen / Matthew Hancock / Maximilian Wranik / Bryant D Miller / Timothy R O'Meara / Brad A Palanski / Scott B Ficarro / Brian J Groendyke / Yufei Xiang / Kazuma T ...Authors: Martin S Taylor / Maggie Chen / Matthew Hancock / Maximilian Wranik / Bryant D Miller / Timothy R O'Meara / Brad A Palanski / Scott B Ficarro / Brian J Groendyke / Yufei Xiang / Kazuma T Kondo / Karen Y Linde-Garelli / Michelle J Lee / Dibyendu Mondal / Daniel Freund / Samantha Congreve / Kaay Matas / Maximiliaan Hennink / Kera Xibinaku / Max L Valenstein / Trevor van Eeuwen / Jarrod A Marto / Andrej Sali / Yi Shi / Nathanael S Gray / David M Sabatini / Nam Chu / Kacper B Rogala / Philip A Cole / ![]() Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase forms two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, that function in distinct signaling pathways. mTORC1 is regulated by nutrients, and ...The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase forms two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, that function in distinct signaling pathways. mTORC1 is regulated by nutrients, and mTORC2 is a central node in phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) and small guanosine triphosphate Ras signaling networks commonly deregulated in cancer and diabetes. Although mTOR phosphorylates many substrates in vitro, in cells, mTORC1 and mTORC2 have high specificity: mTORC2 phosphorylates the protein kinases Akt and PKC, but not closely related kinases that are mTORC1 substrates. To understand how mTORC2 recognizes substrates, we created semisynthetic probes to trap the mTORC2 :: Akt complex and determine its structure. Whereas most protein kinases recognize amino acids adjacent to the phosphorylation site, local sequence contributes little to substrate recognition by mTORC2. Instead, the specificity determinants were secondary and tertiary structural elements of Akt that bound the mTORC2 component mSin1 distal to the mTOR active site and were conserved among at least 18 related substrates. These results reveal how mTORC2 recognizes its canonical substrates and may enable the design of mTORC2-specific inhibitors. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History |
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9zbk.cif.gz | 822.8 KB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9zbk.ent.gz | Display | PDB format | |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9zbk.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/zb/9zbk ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/zb/9zbk | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 73992MC ![]() 9zbjC M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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| Noncrystallographic symmetry (NCS) | NCS oper:
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Components
-Protein , 3 types, 3 molecules ACE
| #1: Protein | Mass: 280530.062 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MTOR, FRAP, FRAP1, FRAP2, RAFT1, RAPT1 / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() References: UniProt: P42345, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase |
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| #3: Protein | Mass: 188389.453 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RICTOR, KIAA1999 / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() |
| #5: Protein | Mass: 39206.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Details: Sequence position 333 contains the chemically modification T1C (C-T1C) Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: AKT1, PKB, RAC / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() References: UniProt: P31749, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase |
-Target of rapamycin complex ... , 2 types, 2 molecules BD
| #2: Protein | Mass: 35152.238 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MLST8, GBL, LST8 / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() |
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| #4: Protein | Mass: 30466.355 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MAPKAP1, MIP1, SIN1 / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() |
-Non-polymers , 2 types, 2 molecules 
| #6: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / |
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| #7: Chemical | ChemComp-A1AID / ( Mass: 605.608 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Formula: C35H26F3N5O2 Details: Sequence position 333 contains the chemically modification T1C (C-T1C) Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: AKT1, PKB, RAC / Cell line (production host): Sf9 / Production host: ![]() |
-Details
| Has ligand of interest | Y |
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| Has protein modification | Y |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: mTORC2 in complex with Akt1 / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1, #3-#4, #2, #5 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: ![]() |
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.5 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: TFS KRIOS |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: 4D-STEM / Nominal defocus max: 2100 nm / Nominal defocus min: 700 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 69.72 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
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| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 2.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 3169869 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refinement | Highest resolution: 2.6 Å Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refine LS restraints |
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About Yorodumi




Homo sapiens (human)
United States,
Germany, 6items
Citation



PDBj































gel filtration

