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- PDB-9ydp: Human delta opioid receptor complex with mini-Gi and agonist DADLE -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9ydp
TitleHuman delta opioid receptor complex with mini-Gi and agonist DADLE
Components
  • (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...) x 3
  • DADLE
  • Delta-type opioid receptor
  • nanobody 35
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GPCR / opioid receptor / ligand binding
Function / homology
Function and homology information


G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activity / spine apparatus / G protein-coupled opioid receptor activity / G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway / receptor serine/threonine kinase binding / cellular response to toxic substance / neuropeptide binding / eating behavior / regulation of calcium ion transport / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger ...G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activity / spine apparatus / G protein-coupled opioid receptor activity / G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway / receptor serine/threonine kinase binding / cellular response to toxic substance / neuropeptide binding / eating behavior / regulation of calcium ion transport / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger / neuropeptide signaling pathway / neuronal dense core vesicle / negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly / axon terminus / dendrite membrane / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / adult locomotory behavior / regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential / response to nicotine / postsynaptic density membrane / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to growth factor stimulus / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / synaptic vesicle membrane / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / GPER1 signaling / G-protein beta-subunit binding / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / retina development in camera-type eye / presynaptic membrane / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / response to ethanol / Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / cellular response to hypoxia / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / neuron projection / immune response / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of gene expression / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / synapse / protein-containing complex binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / membrane / plasma membrane / cytosol / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Delta opioid receptor / Opioid receptor / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain ...Delta opioid receptor / Opioid receptor / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Delta-type opioid receptor / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Lama glama (llama)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 1.95 Å
AuthorsMobbs, J.I. / Venugopal, H. / Thal, D.M.
Funding support Australia, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)2021675 Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)1196951 Australia
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2025
Title: Structure-guided allosteric modulation of the delta opioid receptor.
Authors: Jesse I Mobbs / M Deborah Nguyen / Owindeep Deo / Damian Bartuzi / Hariprasad Venugopal / Sadia Alvi / Vi Pham / Nick Barnes / Arthur Christopoulos / Daniel P Poole / Simona E Carbone / ...Authors: Jesse I Mobbs / M Deborah Nguyen / Owindeep Deo / Damian Bartuzi / Hariprasad Venugopal / Sadia Alvi / Vi Pham / Nick Barnes / Arthur Christopoulos / Daniel P Poole / Simona E Carbone / Manuela Jörg / Ben Capuano / Jens Carlsson / Arisbel B Gondin / Peter J Scammells / Celine Valant / David M Thal /
Abstract: Opioid analgesics remain essential for pain management but are associated with significant adverse effects, including respiratory depression, tolerance, and dependence. The δ-opioid receptor (δOR) ...Opioid analgesics remain essential for pain management but are associated with significant adverse effects, including respiratory depression, tolerance, and dependence. The δ-opioid receptor (δOR) represents a promising therapeutic target for developing safer opioid analgesics with reduced adverse effects compared to conventional μ-opioid receptor-targeting drugs. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) offer advantages over direct agonists by enhancing endogenous opioid signaling while preserving natural spatiotemporal activation patterns, potentially avoiding tolerance and dependence issues. Here, we present high-resolution cryo-EM structures of δOR complexed with the peptide agonist DADLE and the PAM MIPS3614, revealing a novel lipid-facing allosteric binding site formed by transmembrane helices 2, 3, and 4. MIPS3614 stabilizes the active receptor conformation through a critical hydrogen bond with residue N131 in the conserved sodium binding site, a key regulatory region controlling GPCR activation. Comprehensive mutagenesis, molecular dynamics simulations, and structure-activity relationships validate this proposed mechanism. Structure-guided optimization yielded MIPS3983 with enhanced binding affinity and retained cooperativity. Our findings establish the first molecular framework for δOR allosteric modulation and provide a structural foundation for the rational design of safer opioid therapeutics.
History
DepositionSep 23, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Dec 10, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
G: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
N: nanobody 35
R: Delta-type opioid receptor
P: DADLE


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)134,1706
Polymers134,1706
Non-polymers00
Water1,67593
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ... , 3 types, 3 molecules ABG

#1: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas


Mass: 27915.672 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNAS, GNAS1 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
References: Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1


Mass: 38534.062 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P62873
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7861.143 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P59768

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Antibody / Protein / Protein/peptide / Non-polymers , 4 types, 96 molecules NRP

#4: Antibody nanobody 35


Mass: 16926.076 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Lama glama (llama) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
#5: Protein Delta-type opioid receptor / D-OR-1 / DOR-1


Mass: 42363.539 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: OPRD1, OPRD / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P41143
#6: Protein/peptide DADLE


Mass: 569.650 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Homo sapiens (human)
#7: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 93 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Human delta opioid receptor complex with mini-Gi and agonist DADLE
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#6 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.15 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 500 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1crYOLOparticle selection
2PHENIX1.21.2_5419model refinement
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 1.95 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 1245037 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 1.95 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0048284
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.71311245
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d12.5932957
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0481294
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0081434

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