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- PDB-9uel: Local refinement of NTD and RBD domains of SARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spi... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9uel
TitleLocal refinement of NTD and RBD domains of SARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spike protein
ComponentsSARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spike glycoprotein
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Spike glycoprotein
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.37 Å
AuthorsHe, M.Z.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)32401012 China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Pathogenicity, virological features, and immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1-derived variants including JN.1.7, KP.2, KP.3, and KP.3.1.1.
Authors: Jialu Shi / Xiaoyu Zhao / Xiaohui Jin / Jiayan Li / Yuanchen Liu / Huan Liu / Ye-Fan Hu / Zhe Chen / Yuxin Xiao / Lei Wang / Yajie Wang / Yixin He / Yue Chai / Bingjie Hu / Huiping Shuai / ...Authors: Jialu Shi / Xiaoyu Zhao / Xiaohui Jin / Jiayan Li / Yuanchen Liu / Huan Liu / Ye-Fan Hu / Zhe Chen / Yuxin Xiao / Lei Wang / Yajie Wang / Yixin He / Yue Chai / Bingjie Hu / Huiping Shuai / Yang Wang / Xiangnan Li / Shujun Jiang / Yanliang Zhang / Xiaojuan Zhang / Wan-Mui Chan / Lin-Lei Chen / Jian-Piao Cai / Baokun Sui / Honglei Zhang / Dong Yang / Longchao Zhu / Shuofeng Yuan / Jie Zhou / Jian-Dong Huang / Kwok-Yung Yuen / Kelvin Kai-Wang To / Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan / Bao-Zhong Zhang / Qiao Wang / Maozhou He / Lei Sun / Pengfei Wang / Hin Chu /
Abstract: KP.3.1.1 became a dominant successor to JN.1 by the second half of 2024 but the intrinsic pathogenicity and virological feature of KP.3.1.1 remain incompletely understood. Here, we comprehensively ...KP.3.1.1 became a dominant successor to JN.1 by the second half of 2024 but the intrinsic pathogenicity and virological feature of KP.3.1.1 remain incompletely understood. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the pathogenesis and characteristics of KP.3.1.1 in comparison to JN.1 and other JN.1-derived variants including JN.1.7, KP.2, and KP.3. The unique S31del mutation on KP.3.1.1 spike confers further evasion to the clinically authorized mAb Pemivibart and reduces convalescent serum neutralization efficiency. Structural analysis indicates that S31del induces novel glycosylation sites that facilitates evasion of neutralizing antibodies. We further reveal that S31del significantly enhances pseudovirus entry efficiency in all evaluated cell types including the human primary nasal epithelial cells. Nevertheless, the intrinsic pathogenicity of KP.3.1.1 is similar to JN.1 and KP.3, and higher than that of JN.1.7 and KP.2 in a male hamster model. Interestingly, the increased virus infectivity conferred by S31del in KP.3.1.1 spike is counterbalanced by the NSP10 S33C mutation. Overall, our study indicates that a single spike mutation can confer both enhanced immune escape and increased viral infectivity. The opposing effects of spike and non-spike mutations highlight the complex interplay of viral genomic elements in shaping their overall fitness, and reveal the high plasticity of coronavirus evolution.
History
DepositionApr 8, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Nov 12, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Nov 12, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Revision 1.1May 27, 2026Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Revision 2.0May 27, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Database references / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: SARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spike glycoprotein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)146,1508
Polymers144,6011
Non-polymers1,5487
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein SARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spike glycoprotein


Mass: 144601.125 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Variant: KP.3.1.1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
#2: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 7 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV2 KP.3.1.1 spike protein / Type: VIRUS / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Details of virusEmpty: NO / Enveloped: YES / Isolate: STRAIN / Type: VIRION
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.37 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 36563 / Symmetry type: POINT

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