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Yorodumi- PDB-9bxq: Paired Helical Filaments purified from Down Syndrome individual b... -
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-Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9bxq | ||||||
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Title | Paired Helical Filaments purified from Down Syndrome individual brain tissue applied to graphene oxide antibody affinity grids | ||||||
Components | Microtubule-associated protein tau | ||||||
Keywords | PROTEIN FIBRIL / Amyloid / filament / neurodegeneration / Down syndrome | ||||||
Function / homology | Function and homology information plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / histone-dependent DNA binding / neurofibrillary tangle assembly / positive regulation of diacylglycerol kinase activity / axonal transport / negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / microtubule lateral binding / negative regulation of mitochondrial fission ...plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / histone-dependent DNA binding / neurofibrillary tangle assembly / positive regulation of diacylglycerol kinase activity / axonal transport / negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / microtubule lateral binding / negative regulation of mitochondrial fission / tubulin complex / phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate binding / main axon / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / negative regulation of kinase activity / negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation / generation of neurons / positive regulation of protein localization / rRNA metabolic process / internal protein amino acid acetylation / regulation of chromosome organization / regulation of mitochondrial fission / axonal transport of mitochondrion / intracellular distribution of mitochondria / axon development / central nervous system neuron development / regulation of microtubule polymerization / microtubule polymerization / minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding / lipoprotein particle binding / dynactin binding / glial cell projection / apolipoprotein binding / negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential / protein polymerization / axolemma / Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins / regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization / positive regulation of axon extension / regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / cytoplasmic microtubule organization / supramolecular fiber organization / regulation of cellular response to heat / stress granule assembly / positive regulation of superoxide anion generation / regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / axon cytoplasm / positive regulation of microtubule polymerization / somatodendritic compartment / synapse assembly / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / astrocyte activation / phosphatidylinositol binding / nuclear periphery / cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus / protein phosphatase 2A binding / regulation of autophagy / response to lead ion / synapse organization / microglial cell activation / cellular response to reactive oxygen species / Hsp90 protein binding / PKR-mediated signaling / protein homooligomerization / regulation of synaptic plasticity / memory / activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / microtubule cytoskeleton organization / SH3 domain binding / cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule / microtubule cytoskeleton / neuron projection development / cell-cell signaling / double-stranded DNA binding / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / single-stranded DNA binding / actin binding / protein-folding chaperone binding / cellular response to heat / cell body / growth cone / microtubule binding / sequence-specific DNA binding / amyloid fibril formation / microtubule / learning or memory / dendritic spine / nuclear speck / neuron projection / membrane raft / axon / negative regulation of gene expression / neuronal cell body / DNA damage response / dendrite / protein kinase binding / enzyme binding / mitochondrion / DNA binding Similarity search - Function | ||||||
Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | ||||||
Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / helical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.1 Å | ||||||
Authors | Tse, E. / Ghosh, U. / Condello, C. / Southworth, D. | ||||||
Funding support | United States, 1items
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Citation | Journal: Acta Neuropathol Commun / Year: 2024 Title: Cryo-EM structures reveal tau filaments from Down syndrome adopt Alzheimer's disease fold. Authors: Ujjayini Ghosh / Eric Tse / Hyunjun Yang / Marie Shi / Christoffer D Caro / Feng Wang / Gregory E Merz / Stanley B Prusiner / Daniel R Southworth / Carlo Condello / Abstract: Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic condition caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. Among their complex clinical features, including musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiovascular disabilities, ...Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic condition caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. Among their complex clinical features, including musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiovascular disabilities, individuals with DS have an increased risk of developing progressive dementia and early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). This dementia is attributed to the increased gene dosage of the amyloid-β (Aβ) precursor protein gene, the formation of self-propagating Aβ and tau prion conformers, and the deposition of neurotoxic Aβ plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. Tau amyloid fibrils have previously been established to adopt many distinct conformations across different neurodegenerative conditions. Here, we report the characterization of brain samples from four DS cases spanning 36-63 years of age by spectral confocal imaging with conformation-specific dyes and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine structures of isolated tau fibrils. High-resolution structures revealed paired helical filament (PHF) and straight filament (SF) conformations of tau that were identical to those determined from AD cases. The PHFs and SFs are made of two C-shaped protofilaments, each containing a cross-β/β-helix motif. Similar to filaments from AD cases, most filaments from the DS cases adopted the PHF form, while a minority (approximately 20%) formed SFs. Samples from the youngest individual with no documented dementia had sparse tau deposits. To isolate tau for cryo-EM from this challenging sample we used a novel affinity-grid method involving a graphene oxide surface derivatized with anti-tau antibodies. This method improved isolation and revealed that primarily tau PHFs and a minor population of chronic traumatic encephalopathy type II-like filaments were present in this youngest case. These findings expand the similarities between AD and DS to the molecular level, providing insight into their related pathologies and the potential for targeting common tau filament folds by small-molecule therapeutics and diagnostics. | ||||||
History |
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-Structure visualization
Structure viewer | Molecule: MolmilJmol/JSmol |
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-Downloads & links
-Download
PDBx/mmCIF format | 9bxq.cif.gz | 166.5 KB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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PDB format | pdb9bxq.ent.gz | 138 KB | Display | PDB format |
PDBx/mmJSON format | 9bxq.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
Summary document | 9bxq_validation.pdf.gz | 1.1 MB | Display | wwPDB validaton report |
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Full document | 9bxq_full_validation.pdf.gz | 1.1 MB | Display | |
Data in XML | 9bxq_validation.xml.gz | 26.3 KB | Display | |
Data in CIF | 9bxq_validation.cif.gz | 35.4 KB | Display | |
Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/bx/9bxq ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/bx/9bxq | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
Related structure data | 45008MC 9bxiC 9bxoC 9bxrC C: citing same article (ref.) M: map data used to model this data |
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Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homologyF&H Search |
-Links
-Assembly
Deposited unit |
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-Components
#1: Protein | Mass: 8370.578 Da / Num. of mol.: 6 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P10636 |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: FILAMENT / 3D reconstruction method: helical reconstruction |
-Sample preparation
Component | Name: Paired Helical Filaments purified from Down Syndrome individual brain tissue applied to graphene oxide antibody affinity grids Type: TISSUE / Entity ID: all / Source: NATURAL |
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Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
Buffer solution | pH: 7.4 |
Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES Details: Sarkosyl extraction of insoluble tau from fresh-frozen frontal cortex samples from Down Syndrome individuals |
Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
-Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS |
Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm |
Image recording | Electron dose: 56 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) |
EM imaging optics | Energyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV |
-Processing
EM software | Name: PHENIX / Version: 1.20.1_4487: / Category: model refinement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helical symmerty | Angular rotation/subunit: 179.5 ° / Axial rise/subunit: 2.37 Å / Axial symmetry: C1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 79599 / Symmetry type: HELICAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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