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Open data
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Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 8gv9 | |||||||||
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Title | The cryo-EM structure of hAE2 with chloride ion | |||||||||
![]() | Anion exchange protein 2 | |||||||||
![]() | TRANSPORT PROTEIN / chloride and bicarbonate transporter human-AE2 | |||||||||
Function / homology | ![]() negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation / negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation / positive regulation of enamel mineralization / Bicarbonate transporters / amelogenesis / monoatomic anion transmembrane transporter activity / chloride:bicarbonate antiporter activity / solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity / digestive tract development / bicarbonate transport ...negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation / negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation / positive regulation of enamel mineralization / Bicarbonate transporters / amelogenesis / monoatomic anion transmembrane transporter activity / chloride:bicarbonate antiporter activity / solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity / digestive tract development / bicarbonate transport / monoatomic anion transport / regulation of bone resorption / transmembrane transporter activity / osteoclast differentiation / regulation of intracellular pH / regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization / transmembrane transport / spermatogenesis / basolateral plasma membrane / apical plasma membrane / focal adhesion / enzyme binding / membrane / plasma membrane Similarity search - Function | |||||||||
Biological species | ![]() | |||||||||
Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.06 Å | |||||||||
![]() | Zhang, Q. / Jian, L. / Yao, D. / Rao, B. / Hu, K. / Xia, Y. / Cao, Y. | |||||||||
Funding support | ![]()
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![]() | ![]() Title: The structural basis of the pH-homeostasis mediated by the Cl/HCO exchanger, AE2. Authors: Qing Zhang / Liyan Jian / Deqiang Yao / Bing Rao / Ying Xia / Kexin Hu / Shaobai Li / Yafeng Shen / Mi Cao / An Qin / Jie Zhao / Yu Cao / ![]() Abstract: The cell maintains its intracellular pH in a narrow physiological range and disrupting the pH-homeostasis could cause dysfunctional metabolic states. Anion exchanger 2 (AE2) works at high cellular pH ...The cell maintains its intracellular pH in a narrow physiological range and disrupting the pH-homeostasis could cause dysfunctional metabolic states. Anion exchanger 2 (AE2) works at high cellular pH to catalyze the exchange between the intracellular HCO and extracellular Cl, thereby maintaining the pH-homeostasis. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structures of human AE2 in five major operating states and one transitional hybrid state. Among those states, the AE2 shows the inward-facing, outward-facing, and intermediate conformations, as well as the substrate-binding pockets at two sides of the cell membrane. Furthermore, critical structural features were identified showing an interlock mechanism for interactions among the cytoplasmic N-terminal domain and the transmembrane domain and the self-inhibitory effect of the C-terminal loop. The structural and cell-based functional assay collectively demonstrate the dynamic process of the anion exchange across membranes and provide the structural basis for the pH-sensitive pH-rebalancing activity of AE2. | |||||||||
History |
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Structure visualization
Structure viewer | Molecule: ![]() ![]() |
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Downloads & links
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Download
PDBx/mmCIF format | ![]() | 322.9 KB | Display | ![]() |
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PDB format | ![]() | 249.6 KB | Display | ![]() |
PDBx/mmJSON format | ![]() | Tree view | ![]() | |
Others | ![]() |
-Validation report
Summary document | ![]() | 1.1 MB | Display | ![]() |
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Full document | ![]() | 1.1 MB | Display | |
Data in XML | ![]() | 52.8 KB | Display | |
Data in CIF | ![]() | 79 KB | Display | |
Arichive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 34288MC ![]() 8gv8C ![]() 8gvaC ![]() 8gvcC ![]() 8gveC ![]() 8gvfC ![]() 8gvhC M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology ![]() |
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Links
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Assembly
Deposited unit | ![]()
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1 |
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Components
#1: Protein | Mass: 137176.906 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) ![]() ![]() #2: Chemical | Has ligand of interest | Y | |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
Component | Name: Anion exchange protein 2 with chloride ion / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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Molecular weight | Value: 0.137 MDa / Experimental value: NO |
Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() |
Source (recombinant) | Organism: ![]() |
Buffer solution | pH: 7.4 |
Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS |
Electron gun | Electron source: ![]() |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 26000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 10000 nm |
Image recording | Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
Software | Name: PHENIX / Version: 1.20_4459: / Classification: refinement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.06 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 678352 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Refine LS restraints |
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