Journal: EMBO J / Year: 2022 Title: Cryo-EM structure of the human NKCC1 transporter reveals mechanisms of ion coupling and specificity. Authors: Caroline Neumann / Lena Lindtoft Rosenbaek / Rasmus Kock Flygaard / Michael Habeck / Jesper Lykkegaard Karlsen / Yong Wang / Kresten Lindorff-Larsen / Hans Henrik Gad / Rune Hartmann / ...Authors: Caroline Neumann / Lena Lindtoft Rosenbaek / Rasmus Kock Flygaard / Michael Habeck / Jesper Lykkegaard Karlsen / Yong Wang / Kresten Lindorff-Larsen / Hans Henrik Gad / Rune Hartmann / Joseph Anthony Lyons / Robert A Fenton / Poul Nissen / Abstract: The sodium-potassium-chloride transporter NKCC1 of the SLC12 family performs Na -dependent Cl - and K -ion uptake across plasma membranes. NKCC1 is important for regulating cell volume, hearing, ...The sodium-potassium-chloride transporter NKCC1 of the SLC12 family performs Na -dependent Cl - and K -ion uptake across plasma membranes. NKCC1 is important for regulating cell volume, hearing, blood pressure, and regulation of hyperpolarizing GABAergic and glycinergic signaling in the central nervous system. Here, we present a 2.6 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of human NKCC1 in the substrate-loaded (Na , K , and 2 Cl ) and occluded, inward-facing state that has also been observed for the SLC6-type transporters MhsT and LeuT. Cl binding at the Cl1 site together with the nearby K ion provides a crucial bridge between the LeuT-fold scaffold and bundle domains. Cl -ion binding at the Cl2 site seems to undertake a structural role similar to conserved glutamate of SLC6 transporters and may allow for Cl -sensitive regulation of transport. Supported by functional studies in mammalian cells and computational simulations, we describe a putative Na release pathway along transmembrane helix 5 coupled to the Cl2 site. The results provide insight into the structure-function relationship of NKCC1 with broader implications for other SLC12 family members.
Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % Details: 3 uL sample was applied to the gold foil side of the grid and blotted iusing a blot force of 0 and blot time of 3-4 seconds before plunge- freezing into liquid ethane cooled by liquid nitrogen.
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
EM imaging
Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS / Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Specimen-ID: 1
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