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- PDB-7ksl: Substrate-free human mitochondrial LONP1 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7ksl
TitleSubstrate-free human mitochondrial LONP1
ComponentsLon protease homolog, mitochondrial
KeywordsHYDROLASE / AAA+ / ATPase / protease / mitochondrial / LONP1 / LON
Function / homology
Function and homology information


oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process / PH domain binding / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / G-quadruplex DNA binding / endopeptidase La / mitochondrial DNA metabolic process / mitochondrial genome maintenance / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / mitochondrial nucleoid ...oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process / PH domain binding / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / G-quadruplex DNA binding / endopeptidase La / mitochondrial DNA metabolic process / mitochondrial genome maintenance / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / mitochondrial nucleoid / insulin receptor substrate binding / chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly / DNA polymerase binding / regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation / negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / Mitochondrial protein degradation / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / mitochondrion organization / ADP binding / protein catabolic process / single-stranded DNA binding / cellular response to oxidative stress / sequence-specific DNA binding / single-stranded RNA binding / response to hypoxia / mitochondrial matrix / serine-type endopeptidase activity / ATP hydrolysis activity / mitochondrion / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / identical protein binding / membrane / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Lon protease homologue, chloroplastic/mitochondrial / Lon protease, bacterial/eukaryotic-type / Lon protease AAA+ ATPase lid domain / Peptidase S16, active site / ATP-dependent serine proteases, lon family, serine active site. / Lon proteolytic domain profile. / Peptidase S16, Lon proteolytic domain / Lon protease / Lon protease (S16) C-terminal proteolytic domain / Lon N-terminal domain profile. ...Lon protease homologue, chloroplastic/mitochondrial / Lon protease, bacterial/eukaryotic-type / Lon protease AAA+ ATPase lid domain / Peptidase S16, active site / ATP-dependent serine proteases, lon family, serine active site. / Lon proteolytic domain profile. / Peptidase S16, Lon proteolytic domain / Lon protease / Lon protease (S16) C-terminal proteolytic domain / Lon N-terminal domain profile. / Lon protease, N-terminal domain / Lon protease, N-terminal domain superfamily / ATP-dependent protease La (LON) substrate-binding domain / Found in ATP-dependent protease La (LON) / PUA-like superfamily / ATPase family associated with various cellular activities (AAA) / ATPase, AAA-type, core / Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold, subgroup / Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsShin, M. / Watson, E.R. / Song, A.S. / Mindrebo, J.T. / Novick, S.R. / Griffin, P. / Wiseman, R.L. / Lander, G.C.
Funding support United States, 4items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (NIH/NIA)AG067594 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS095892 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (NIH/NIA)AG061697 United States
National Institutes of Health/Office of the DirectorS10OD021634 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2021
Title: Structures of the human LONP1 protease reveal regulatory steps involved in protease activation.
Authors: Mia Shin / Edmond R Watson / Albert S Song / Jeffrey T Mindrebo / Scott J Novick / Patrick R Griffin / R Luke Wiseman / Gabriel C Lander /
Abstract: The human mitochondrial AAA+ protein LONP1 is a critical quality control protease involved in regulating diverse aspects of mitochondrial biology including proteostasis, electron transport chain ...The human mitochondrial AAA+ protein LONP1 is a critical quality control protease involved in regulating diverse aspects of mitochondrial biology including proteostasis, electron transport chain activity, and mitochondrial transcription. As such, genetic or aging-associated imbalances in LONP1 activity are implicated in pathologic mitochondrial dysfunction associated with numerous human diseases. Despite this importance, the molecular basis for LONP1-dependent proteolytic activity remains poorly defined. Here, we solved cryo-electron microscopy structures of human LONP1 to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms governing substrate proteolysis. We show that, like bacterial Lon, human LONP1 adopts both an open and closed spiral staircase orientation dictated by the presence of substrate and nucleotide. Unlike bacterial Lon, human LONP1 contains a second spiral staircase within its ATPase domain that engages substrate as it is translocated toward the proteolytic chamber. Intriguingly, and in contrast to its bacterial ortholog, substrate binding within the central ATPase channel of LONP1 alone is insufficient to induce the activated conformation of the protease domains. To successfully induce the active protease conformation in substrate-bound LONP1, substrate binding within the protease active site is necessary, which we demonstrate by adding bortezomib, a peptidomimetic active site inhibitor of LONP1. These results suggest LONP1 can decouple ATPase and protease activities depending on whether AAA+ or both AAA+ and protease domains bind substrate. Importantly, our structures provide a molecular framework to define the critical importance of LONP1 in regulating mitochondrial proteostasis in health and disease.
History
DepositionNov 23, 2020Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Dec 9, 2020Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 2.0Mar 3, 2021Group: Advisory / Atomic model ...Advisory / Atomic model / Data collection / Data processing / Derived calculations / Refinement description / Structure summary
Category: atom_site / audit_author ...atom_site / audit_author / em_3d_reconstruction / em_software / pdbx_poly_seq_scheme / pdbx_struct_sheet_hbond / pdbx_unobs_or_zero_occ_atoms / pdbx_unobs_or_zero_occ_residues / pdbx_validate_close_contact / pdbx_validate_torsion / refine_ls_restr / software / struct_conf / struct_conn / struct_sheet / struct_sheet_order / struct_sheet_range / struct_site / struct_site_gen
Item: _em_3d_reconstruction.resolution / _em_software.category ..._em_3d_reconstruction.resolution / _em_software.category / _em_software.details / _em_software.fitting_id / _em_software.image_processing_id / _em_software.imaging_id / _em_software.name / _em_software.version / _pdbx_poly_seq_scheme.auth_mon_id / _pdbx_poly_seq_scheme.auth_seq_num / _pdbx_poly_seq_scheme.pdb_mon_id / _refine_ls_restr.dev_ideal / _refine_ls_restr.number / _software.version / _struct_conf.beg_auth_asym_id / _struct_conf.beg_auth_comp_id / _struct_conf.beg_auth_seq_id / _struct_conf.beg_label_asym_id / _struct_conf.beg_label_comp_id / _struct_conf.beg_label_seq_id / _struct_conf.end_auth_asym_id / _struct_conf.end_auth_comp_id / _struct_conf.end_auth_seq_id / _struct_conf.end_label_asym_id / _struct_conf.end_label_comp_id / _struct_conf.end_label_seq_id / _struct_conf.pdbx_PDB_helix_class / _struct_conf.pdbx_PDB_helix_length
Description: Model orientation/position / Provider: author / Type: Coordinate replacement
Revision 2.1Jun 15, 2022Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / database_2
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession
Revision 2.2May 29, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond

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Assembly

Deposited unit
C: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
B: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
A: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
F: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
E: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)294,62610
Polymers292,4905
Non-polymers2,1365
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein
Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial / LONHs / Lon protease-like protein / LONP / Mitochondrial ATP-dependent protease Lon / Serine ...LONHs / Lon protease-like protein / LONP / Mitochondrial ATP-dependent protease Lon / Serine protease 15 / LONP1


Mass: 58498.098 Da / Num. of mol.: 5
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LONP1, PRSS15 / Plasmid: pET20b / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Strain (production host): Rosetta 2(DE3)pLysS / References: UniProt: P36776, endopeptidase La
#2: Chemical
ChemComp-ADP / ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 427.201 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H15N5O10P2 / Comment: ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
Has ligand of interestN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Substrate-free human mitochondrial LONP1 / Type: COMPLEX
Details: Complexes consisting of homohexameric LONP1 protease from Homo sapiens
Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.462 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Cellular location: Matrix / Organelle: Mitochondria
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Strain: Rosetta 2(DE3)pLysS / Plasmid: pET20b
Buffer solutionpH: 8
Details: Solutions were made fresh from concentrated and filtered using a 0.1 um syringe filter to avoid microbial contamination. Samples were mixed on ice and incubated for 5 minutes prior to vitrification.
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
150 mMTris BaseTris1
275 mMPotassium ChlorideKCl1
310 mMMagnesium ChlorideMgCl21
41 mMTCEPTCEP1
51 mMAdenosine TriphosphateATP1
60.263 mMBortezomibBO21
SpecimenConc.: 2.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: This sample was monodisperse
Specimen supportDetails: EM grids were plasma cleaned prior to sample application for 7 seconds using a Solarus plasma cleaner (Gatan, Inc.) with a 75% nitrogen, 25% oxygen atmosphere at 15W.
Grid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: HOMEMADE PLUNGER / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K
Details: 4 uL of sample was applied per grid and manually blotted for 4 seconds followed by immediately plunge-freezing in liquid ethane cooled by liquid nitrogen.

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TALOS ARCTICA
Details: Coma-free alignment procedure from Herzik & Wu, Nature Methods (2017). Preliminary grid screening was performed manually prior to data collection.
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 36000 X / Calibrated magnification: 43478 X / Nominal defocus max: 1200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / Calibrated defocus min: 500 nm / Calibrated defocus max: 1500 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Temperature (max): 90 K / Temperature (min): 80 K / Residual tilt: 0.14 mradians
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 11.4 sec. / Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 2912
Details: Images were collected in counting mode at 10 frames per second.
Image scansSampling size: 5 µm / Width: 3710 / Height: 3838 / Movie frames/image: 114 / Used frames/image: 0-113

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.15.2_3472: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails
2Leginon3image acquisitionLeginon software was used for automated data collection
4CTFFIND4.1.5CTF correctionCTF correction was done using CTFFIND4.1.5 during refinement
7Coot0.8.8model fittingCoot was used for de novo atomic model building
9PHENIX1.11.1model refinementPhenix 1.11.1 was used to perform real space refinement using the atomic model and experimentally-derived EM map
10RELION3.1initial Euler assignmentRELION 3.1 was used to assign initial euler angles
11RELION3.1final Euler assignmentRELION 3.1 was used to assign final euler angles
12RELION3.1classificationRELION 3.1 was used to perform final classification
13RELION3.13D reconstructionRELION 3.1 was used to perform final reconstruction
CTF correctionDetails: CTF parameters were estimated with CTFFIND / Type: PHASE FLIPPING ONLY
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 564930
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 83162 / Num. of class averages: 2 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingB value: 30 / Protocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Space: REAL / Target criteria: Correlation coefficient
Details: Initial rigid body docking was done using UCSF Chimera.
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00718627
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.7325420
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.90511162
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0473075
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0053261

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