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- EMDB-45433: Human Mitochondrial LONP1 Stall State + casein -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-45433
TitleHuman Mitochondrial LONP1 Stall State + casein
Map dataSharpened Map
Sample
  • Complex: LONP1 closed state in complex with casein
    • Protein or peptide: Endogenous Co-purified substrate modeled as unknown residues
    • Protein or peptide: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: MAGNESIUM ION
KeywordsATPase / protease / HYDROLASE
Function / homology
Function and homology information


oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process / PH domain binding / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / G-quadruplex DNA binding / endopeptidase La / mitochondrial DNA metabolic process / mitochondrial genome maintenance / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / mitochondrial nucleoid ...oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process / PH domain binding / mitochondrial protein catabolic process / G-quadruplex DNA binding / endopeptidase La / mitochondrial DNA metabolic process / mitochondrial genome maintenance / ATP-dependent peptidase activity / protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins / mitochondrial nucleoid / regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation / insulin receptor substrate binding / chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly / DNA polymerase binding / negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / mitochondrion organization / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / Mitochondrial protein degradation / protein catabolic process / ADP binding / single-stranded DNA binding / cellular response to oxidative stress / sequence-specific DNA binding / single-stranded RNA binding / response to hypoxia / mitochondrial matrix / serine-type endopeptidase activity / ATP hydrolysis activity / mitochondrion / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / identical protein binding / membrane / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Lon protease homologue, chloroplastic/mitochondrial / Lon protease, bacterial/eukaryotic-type / Peptidase S16, active site / ATP-dependent serine proteases, lon family, serine active site. / Lon proteolytic domain profile. / Peptidase S16, Lon proteolytic domain / Lon protease / Lon protease (S16) C-terminal proteolytic domain / Lon protease, N-terminal domain superfamily / Lon N-terminal domain profile. ...Lon protease homologue, chloroplastic/mitochondrial / Lon protease, bacterial/eukaryotic-type / Peptidase S16, active site / ATP-dependent serine proteases, lon family, serine active site. / Lon proteolytic domain profile. / Peptidase S16, Lon proteolytic domain / Lon protease / Lon protease (S16) C-terminal proteolytic domain / Lon protease, N-terminal domain superfamily / Lon N-terminal domain profile. / Lon protease, N-terminal domain / ATP-dependent protease La (LON) substrate-binding domain / Found in ATP-dependent protease La (LON) / PUA-like superfamily / ATPase family associated with various cellular activities (AAA) / ATPase, AAA-type, core / Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold, subgroup / Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.23 Å
AuthorsMindrebo JT / Lander GC
Funding support United States, 2 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)F32GM145143 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS095892 United States
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2024
Title: Structural and mechanistic studies on human LONP1 redefine the hand-over-hand translocation mechanism.
Authors: Jeffrey T Mindrebo / Gabriel C Lander /
Abstract: AAA+ enzymes use energy from ATP hydrolysis to remodel diverse cellular targets. Structures of substrate-bound AAA+ complexes suggest that these enzymes employ a conserved hand-over-hand mechanism to ...AAA+ enzymes use energy from ATP hydrolysis to remodel diverse cellular targets. Structures of substrate-bound AAA+ complexes suggest that these enzymes employ a conserved hand-over-hand mechanism to thread substrates through their central pore. However, the fundamental aspects of the mechanisms governing motor function and substrate processing within specific AAA+ families remain unresolved. We used cryo-electron microscopy to structurally interrogate reaction intermediates from in vitro biochemical assays to inform the underlying regulatory mechanisms of the human mitochondrial AAA+ protease, LONP1. Our results demonstrate that substrate binding allosterically regulates proteolytic activity, and that LONP1 can adopt a configuration conducive to substrate translocation even when the ATPases are bound to ADP. These results challenge the conventional understanding of the hand-over-hand translocation mechanism, giving rise to an alternative model that aligns more closely with biochemical and biophysical data on related enzymes like ClpX, ClpA, the 26S proteasome, and Lon protease.
History
DepositionJun 20, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseAug 7, 2024-
Map releaseAug 7, 2024-
UpdateAug 7, 2024-
Current statusAug 7, 2024Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_45433.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_45433.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationSharpened Map
Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.30156 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.3
Minimum - Maximum-1.3473325 - 2.5226526
Average (Standard dev.)0.0011634044 (±0.074117355)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 333.2 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: Unsharpened map

Fileemd_45433_additional_1.map
AnnotationUnsharpened map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Additional map: Deep Emhanced Map

Fileemd_45433_additional_2.map
AnnotationDeep Emhanced Map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half Map A

Fileemd_45433_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf Map A
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half Map A

Fileemd_45433_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf Map A
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : LONP1 closed state in complex with casein

EntireName: LONP1 closed state in complex with casein
Components
  • Complex: LONP1 closed state in complex with casein
    • Protein or peptide: Endogenous Co-purified substrate modeled as unknown residues
    • Protein or peptide: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: MAGNESIUM ION

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Supramolecule #1: LONP1 closed state in complex with casein

SupramoleculeName: LONP1 closed state in complex with casein / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2 / Details: LONP1 incubated with casein before vitrification
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 583.95 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Endogenous Co-purified substrate modeled as unknown residues

MacromoleculeName: Endogenous Co-purified substrate modeled as unknown residues
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 2.571161 KDa
SequenceString:
(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK) (UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK) (UNK)(UNK)(UNK) (UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK)(UNK) (UNK)

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Macromolecule #2: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial

MacromoleculeName: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 6 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: endopeptidase La
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 97.468156 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
SequenceString: MHHHHHHENL YFQGAHMMTI PDVFPHLPLI AITRNPVFPR FIKIIEVKNK KLVELLRRKV RLAQPYVGVF LKRDDSNESD VVESLDEIY HTGTFAQIHE MQDLGDKLRM IVMGHRRVHI SRQLEVEPEE PEAENKHKPR RKSKRGKKEA EDELSARHPA E LAMEPTPE ...String:
MHHHHHHENL YFQGAHMMTI PDVFPHLPLI AITRNPVFPR FIKIIEVKNK KLVELLRRKV RLAQPYVGVF LKRDDSNESD VVESLDEIY HTGTFAQIHE MQDLGDKLRM IVMGHRRVHI SRQLEVEPEE PEAENKHKPR RKSKRGKKEA EDELSARHPA E LAMEPTPE LPAEVLMVEV ENVVHEDFQV TEEVKALTAE IVKTIRDIIA LNPLYRESVL QMMQAGQRVV DNPIYLSDMG AA LTGAESH ELQDVLEETN IPKRLYKALS LLKKEFELSK LQQRLGREVE EKIKQTHRKY LLQEQLKIIK KELGLEKDDK DAI EEKFRE RLKELVVPKH VMDVVDEELS KLGLLDNHSS EFNVTRNYLD WLTSIPWGKY SNENLDLARA QAVLEEDHYG MEDV KKRIL EFIAVSQLRG STQGKILCFY GPPGVGKTSI ARSIARALNR EYFRFSVGGM TDVAEIKGHR RTYVGAMPGK IIQCL KKTK TENPLILIDE VDKIGRGYQG DPSSALLELL DPEQNANFLD HYLDVPVDLS KVLFICTANV TDTIPEPLRD RMEMIN VSG YVAQEKLAIA ERYLVPQARA LCGLDESKAK LSSDVLTLLI KQYCRESGVR NLQKQVEKVL RKSAYKIVSG EAESVEV TP ENLQDFVGKP VFTVERMYDV TPPGVVMGLA WTAMGGSTLF VETSLRRPQD KDAKGDKDGS LEVTGQLGEV MKESARIA Y TFARAFLMQH APANDYLVTS HIHLHVPEGA TPKDGPSAGC TIVTALLSLA MGRPVRQNLA MTGEVSLTGK ILPVGGIKE KTIAAKRAGV TCIVLPAENK KDFYDLAAFI TEGLEVHFVE HYREIFDIAF PDEQAEALAV ER

UniProtKB: Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial

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Macromolecule #3: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE

MacromoleculeName: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: ADP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 427.201 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-ADP:
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM

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Macromolecule #4: MAGNESIUM ION

MacromoleculeName: MAGNESIUM ION / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: MG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 24.305 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration3 mg/mL
BufferpH: 8
Component:
ConcentrationFormulaName
75.0 mMKClpotassium chloride
50.0 mMC4H11NO3Tris
GridModel: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: GOLD / Mesh: 300 / Support film - Material: GOLD / Support film - topology: HOLEY ARRAY / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 25 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: OTHER
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Details: 5 second blot blot force 2.
DetailsSample was monodisperse with ~350 particles per image

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Name: GIF Bioquantum / Energy filter - Slit width: 20 eV
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Digitization - Dimensions - Width: 5760 pixel / Digitization - Dimensions - Height: 4092 pixel / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 2931 / Average exposure time: 1.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 54.0 e/Å2
Details: Images were collected in movie mode at 50 frames per second.
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 50.0 µm / Calibrated magnification: 60024 / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 3.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.4 µm / Nominal magnification: 105000
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Detailsmovies were processed using motion cor 2 version 1.5.0
Particle selectionNumber selected: 1100000
Details: Template picking using templates generated from blob picker
Startup modelType of model: OTHER / Details: ab initio model generated in cryosparc
Final reconstructionNumber classes used: 1 / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.23 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 59170
Initial angle assignmentType: PROJECTION MATCHING
Final angle assignmentType: PROJECTION MATCHING
Final 3D classificationNumber classes: 10
Details: Ran no alignment 3D classification in cryosparc to classify particles based on bested N-terminal CCD domain density.
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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