National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
22137005, 22137005, 81621002, and 21621003 for L. L., 21977090 for J.B. L., and 21825703 for C. T.
China
The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
XDB37000000 for C.T.
China
The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
2021M691747 for G. C. C.
China
The China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents
BH2340000159 for F.Y.
China
Special funding from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
2022TQ0170 for H.S.A.
China
Citation
Journal: J Am Chem Soc / Year: 2022 Title: Chemical Synthesis of Post-Translationally Modified H2AX Reveals Redundancy in Interplay between Histone Phosphorylation, Ubiquitination, and Methylation on the Binding of 53BP1 with Nucleosomes. Authors: Huasong Ai / Guo-Chao Chu / Qingyue Gong / Ze-Bin Tong / Zhiheng Deng / Xin Liu / Fan Yang / Ziyu Xu / Jia-Bin Li / Changlin Tian / Lei Liu / Abstract: The chemical synthesis of homogeneously modified histones is a powerful approach to quantitatively decipher how post-translational modifications (PTMs) modulate epigenetic events. Herein, we describe ...The chemical synthesis of homogeneously modified histones is a powerful approach to quantitatively decipher how post-translational modifications (PTMs) modulate epigenetic events. Herein, we describe the expedient syntheses of a selection of phosphorylated and ubiquitinated H2AX proteins in a strategy integrating expressed protein hydrazinolysis and auxiliary-mediated protein ligation. These modified H2AX proteins were then used to discover that although H2AXS139 phosphorylation can enhance the binding of the DNA damage repair factor 53BP1 to either an unmodified nucleosome or that bearing a single H2AXK15ub or H4K20me2 modification, it augments 53BP1's binding only weakly to nucleosomes bearing both H2AXK15ub and H4K20me2. To better understand why such a trivalent additive effect is lacking, we solved the cryo-EM structure (3.38 Å) of the complex of 53BP1 with the H2AXK15ub/S139ph_H4K20me2 nucleosome, which showed that H2AXS139 phosphorylation distorts the interaction interface between ubiquitin and 53BP1's UDR motif. Our study revealed that there is redundancy in the interplay of multiple histone PTMs, which may be useful for controlling the dynamic distribution of effector proteins onto nucleosomes bearing different histone variants and PTMs in a time-dependent fashion, through specific cellular biochemical events.
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