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- EMDB-29524: Human M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor complex with Gi1 and x... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-29524
TitleHuman M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor complex with Gi1 and xanomeline
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant negative Galpha-i1, Gbeta1, Ggamma2, and scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Antibody fragment scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
  • Ligand: xanomeline
  • Ligand: water
Keywords7 transmembrane receptor / SIGNALING PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex / MEMBRANE PROTEIN / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-SIGNALING PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex / MEMBRANE PROTEIN-SIGNALING PROTEIN complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity / G alpha (i) signalling events / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of synaptic transmission ...Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity / G alpha (i) signalling events / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of synaptic transmission / GTPase activating protein binding / neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane / regulation of locomotion / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger / adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / T cell migration / D2 dopamine receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / cellular response to forskolin / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / chemokine-mediated signaling pathway / response to prostaglandin E / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / G protein-coupled receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / centriolar satellite / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / photoreceptor disc membrane / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / GDP binding / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / extracellular vesicle / sensory perception of taste / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / retina development in camera-type eye / GTPase binding / G protein activity / fibroblast proliferation / Ca2+ pathway / midbody / cell cortex / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / chemical synaptic transmission / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Ras protein signal transduction / postsynaptic membrane / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / cell population proliferation / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / postsynapse / ciliary basal body / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / cell division / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / centrosome / synapse / dendrite / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / nucleolus
Similarity search - Function
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 / Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor family / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G protein alpha subunit / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G-protein, gamma subunit ...Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 / Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor family / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G protein alpha subunit / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Mus musculus (house mouse)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.45 Å
AuthorsVuckovic Z / Mobbs JI / Glukhova A / Sexton PM / Danev R / Thal DM
Funding support United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, 7 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Wellcome Trust201529/Z/16/Z United Kingdom
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)1055134 Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)1150083 Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)1138448 Australia
Australian Research Council (ARC)DE170100152 Australia
Australian Research Council (ARC)IC200100052 Australia
Japan Science and Technology18069571 Japan
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2023
Title: Xanomeline displays concomitant orthosteric and allosteric binding modes at the M mAChR.
Authors: Wessel A C Burger / Vi Pham / Ziva Vuckovic / Alexander S Powers / Jesse I Mobbs / Yianni Laloudakis / Alisa Glukhova / Denise Wootten / Andrew B Tobin / Patrick M Sexton / Steven M Paul / ...Authors: Wessel A C Burger / Vi Pham / Ziva Vuckovic / Alexander S Powers / Jesse I Mobbs / Yianni Laloudakis / Alisa Glukhova / Denise Wootten / Andrew B Tobin / Patrick M Sexton / Steven M Paul / Christian C Felder / Radostin Danev / Ron O Dror / Arthur Christopoulos / Celine Valant / David M Thal /
Abstract: The M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M mAChR) has emerged as a drug target of high therapeutic interest due to its expression in regions of the brain involved in the regulation of psychosis, ...The M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M mAChR) has emerged as a drug target of high therapeutic interest due to its expression in regions of the brain involved in the regulation of psychosis, cognition, and addiction. The mAChR agonist, xanomeline, has provided significant improvement in the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) scores in a Phase II clinical trial for the treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia. Here we report the active state cryo-EM structure of xanomeline bound to the human M mAChR in complex with the heterotrimeric G transducer protein. Unexpectedly, two molecules of xanomeline were found to concomitantly bind to the monomeric M mAChR, with one molecule bound in the orthosteric (acetylcholine-binding) site and a second molecule in an extracellular vestibular allosteric site. Molecular dynamic simulations supports the structural findings, and pharmacological validation confirmed that xanomeline acts as a dual orthosteric and allosteric ligand at the human M mAChR. These findings provide a basis for further understanding xanomeline's complex pharmacology and highlight the myriad of ways through which clinically relevant ligands can bind to and regulate GPCRs.
History
DepositionJan 23, 2023-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 13, 2023-
Map releaseSep 13, 2023-
UpdateMay 28, 2025-
Current statusMay 28, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_29524.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_29524.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 67 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.83 Å/pix.
x 260 pix.
= 215.8 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 260 pix.
= 215.8 Å		0.83 Å/pix.
x 260 pix.
= 215.8 Å

Surface

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.83 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.0117
Minimum - Maximum-0.024359925 - 0.07087363
Average (Standard dev.)-0.000056459736 (±0.0024183393)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions260260260
Spacing260260260
CellA=B=C: 215.8 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_29524_msk_1.map
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Half map: #1

Fileemd_29524_half_map_1.map
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Half map: #2

Fileemd_29524_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant neg...

EntireName: M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant negative Galpha-i1, Gbeta1, Ggamma2, and scFv16
Components
  • Complex: M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant negative Galpha-i1, Gbeta1, Ggamma2, and scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Antibody fragment scFv16
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
  • Ligand: xanomeline
  • Ligand: water

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Supramolecule #1: M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant neg...

SupramoleculeName: M4 mAChR bound to agonist xanomeline in complex with dominant negative Galpha-i1, Gbeta1, Ggamma2, and scFv16
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#5

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Macromolecule #1: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4

MacromoleculeName: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 39.598277 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: DYKDDDDAMA NFTPVNGSSG NQSVRLVTSS SHNRYETVEM VFIATVTGSL SLVTVVGNIL VMLSIKVNRQ LQTVNNYFLF SLACADLII GAFSMNLYTV YIIKGYWPLG AVVCDLWLAL DYVVSNASVM NLLIISFDRY FCVTKPLTYP ARRTTKMAGL M IAAAWVLS ...String:
DYKDDDDAMA NFTPVNGSSG NQSVRLVTSS SHNRYETVEM VFIATVTGSL SLVTVVGNIL VMLSIKVNRQ LQTVNNYFLF SLACADLII GAFSMNLYTV YIIKGYWPLG AVVCDLWLAL DYVVSNASVM NLLIISFDRY FCVTKPLTYP ARRTTKMAGL M IAAAWVLS FVLWAPAILF WQFVVGKRTV PDNQCFIQFL SNPAVTFGTA IAAFYLPVVI MTVLYIHISL ASRSRVHKHR PE GPKEKKA KTKRQMAARE RKVTRTIFAI LLAFILTWTP YNVMVLVNTF CQSCIPDTVW SIGYWLCYVN STINPACYAL CNA TFKKTF RHLLLCQYRN IGTARHHHHH HHH

UniProtKB: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4

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Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 38.402867 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: HHHHHHGSSG SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR F LDDNQIVT ...String:
HHHHHHGSSG SELDQLRQEA EQLKNQIRDA RKACADATLS QITNNIDPVG RIQMRTRRTL RGHLAKIYAM HWGTDSRLLV SASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNKV HAIPLRSSWV MTCAYAPSGN YVACGGLDNI CSIYNLKTRE GNVRVSRELA GHTGYLSCCR F LDDNQIVT SSGDTTCALW DIETGQQTTT FTGHTGDVMS LSLAPDTRLF VSGACDASAK LWDVREGMCR QTFTGHESDI NA ICFFPNG NAFATGSDDA TCRLFDLRAD QELMTYSHDN IICGITSVSF SKSGRLLLAG YDDFNCNVWD ALKADRAGVL AGH DNRVSC LGVTDDGMAV ATGSWDSFLK IWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.729947 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString:
ASNNTASIAQ ARKLVEQLKM EANIDRIKVS KAAADLMAYC EAHAKEDPLL TPVPASENPF REKKFFCAIL

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #4: Antibody fragment scFv16

MacromoleculeName: Antibody fragment scFv16 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 26.466486 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL K

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Macromolecule #5: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Mus musculus (house mouse)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.414047 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKNTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI PTQQDVLRTR VKTTGIVETH FTFKDLHFKM FDVGAQRSER KKWIHCFEGV TAIIFCVALS DYDLVLAEDE EM NRMHASM KLFDSICNNK WFTDTSIILF LNKKDLFEEK IKKSPLTICY PEYAGSNTYE EAAAYIQCQF EDLNKRKDTK EIY THFTCS TDTKNVQFVF DAVTDVIIKN NLKDCGLF

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

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Macromolecule #6: xanomeline

MacromoleculeName: xanomeline / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: XNO
Molecular weightTheoretical: 281.417 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-XNO:
xanomeline / medication, agonist*YM

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Macromolecule #7: water

MacromoleculeName: water / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 47 / Formula: HOH
Molecular weightTheoretical: 18.015 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 52.4 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 2.45 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 395419
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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