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- EMDB-0259: Paired helical filament from sporadic Alzheimer's disease brain -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-0259
TitlePaired helical filament from sporadic Alzheimer's disease brainTauopathy
Map data
Sample
  • Tissue: Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease
    • Protein or peptide: Microtubule-associated protein tauTau protein
Function / homology
Function and homology information


plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / axonal transport / histone-dependent DNA binding / neurofibrillary tangle assembly / positive regulation of diacylglycerol kinase activity / negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / microtubule lateral binding / tubulin complex ...plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / axonal transport / histone-dependent DNA binding / neurofibrillary tangle assembly / positive regulation of diacylglycerol kinase activity / negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / microtubule lateral binding / tubulin complex / phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate binding / main axon / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / negative regulation of kinase activity / negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation / generation of neurons / regulation of chromosome organization / positive regulation of protein localization / rRNA metabolic process / internal protein amino acid acetylation / regulation of mitochondrial fission / lipoprotein particle binding / intracellular distribution of mitochondria / axonal transport of mitochondrion / axon development / central nervous system neuron development / regulation of microtubule polymerization / microtubule polymerization / minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding / negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential / dynactin binding / glial cell projection / apolipoprotein binding / protein polymerization / negative regulation of mitochondrial fission / axolemma / Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins / regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization / positive regulation of axon extension / supramolecular fiber organization / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization / stress granule assembly / cytoplasmic microtubule organization / regulation of cellular response to heat / regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / axon cytoplasm / positive regulation of microtubule polymerization / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / somatodendritic compartment / synapse assembly / phosphatidylinositol binding / nuclear periphery / cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus / positive regulation of superoxide anion generation / protein phosphatase 2A binding / regulation of autophagy / astrocyte activation / synapse organization / microglial cell activation / response to lead ion / Hsp90 protein binding / regulation of synaptic plasticity / PKR-mediated signaling / protein homooligomerization / cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule / memory / microtubule cytoskeleton organization / cellular response to reactive oxygen species / SH3 domain binding / neuron projection development / activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / microtubule cytoskeleton / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / single-stranded DNA binding / cell-cell signaling / cellular response to heat / cell body / actin binding / growth cone / protein-folding chaperone binding / double-stranded DNA binding / microtubule binding / microtubule / amyloid fibril formation / sequence-specific DNA binding / dendritic spine / learning or memory / neuron projection / nuclear speck / membrane raft / axon / negative regulation of gene expression / dendrite / neuronal cell body / DNA damage response / protein kinase binding / enzyme binding / mitochondrion / DNA binding
Similarity search - Function
: / Microtubule associated protein, tubulin-binding repeat / Microtubule-associated protein Tau / Tau and MAP protein, tubulin-binding repeat / Tau and MAP proteins tubulin-binding repeat signature. / Tau and MAP proteins tubulin-binding repeat profile.
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Microtubule-associated protein tau
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Human (human)
Methodhelical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsFalcon B / Zhang W / Schweighauser M / Murzin AG / Vidal R / Garringer HJ / Ghetti B / Scheres SHW / Goedert M
Funding support United Kingdom, United States, 5 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)MC_U105184291 United Kingdom
Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)MC_UP_A025_1013 United Kingdom
National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (NIH/NIA)P30-AG010133 United States
European UnionJoint Programme-Neurodegeneration Research United Kingdom
European UnionHorizon 2020 IMPRiND United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Acta Neuropathol / Year: 2018
Title: Tau filaments from multiple cases of sporadic and inherited Alzheimer's disease adopt a common fold.
Authors: Benjamin Falcon / Wenjuan Zhang / Manuel Schweighauser / Alexey G Murzin / Ruben Vidal / Holly J Garringer / Bernardino Ghetti / Sjors H W Scheres / Michel Goedert /
Abstract: The ordered assembly of tau protein into abnormal filaments is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. It is not known if the structures of tau ...The ordered assembly of tau protein into abnormal filaments is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. It is not known if the structures of tau filaments vary within, or between, the brains of individuals with AD. We used a combination of electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) and immuno-gold negative-stain electron microscopy (immuno-EM) to determine the structures of paired helical filaments (PHFs) and straight filaments (SFs) from the frontal cortex of 17 cases of AD (15 sporadic and 2 inherited) and 2 cases of atypical AD (posterior cortical atrophy). The high-resolution structures of PHFs and SFs from the frontal cortex of 3 cases of AD, 2 sporadic and 1 inherited, were determined by cryo-EM. We also used immuno-EM to study the PHFs and SFs from a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions. PHFs outnumbered SFs in all AD cases. By cryo-EM, PHFs and SFs were made of two C-shaped protofilaments with a combined cross-β/β-helix structure, as described previously for one case of AD. The higher resolution structures obtained here showed two additional amino acids at each end of the protofilament. The immuno-EM findings, which indicated the presence of repeats 3 and 4, but not of the N-terminal regions of repeats 1 and 2, of tau in the filament cores of all AD cases, were consistent with the cryo-EM results. These findings show that there is no significant variation in tau filament structures between individuals with AD. This knowledge will be crucial for understanding the mechanisms that underlie tau filament formation and for developing novel diagnostics and therapies.
History
DepositionSep 26, 2018-
Header (metadata) releaseOct 10, 2018-
Map releaseOct 10, 2018-
UpdateMar 30, 2022-
Current statusMar 30, 2022Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.02
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6hre
  • Surface level: 0.02
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  • Simplified surface model + fitted atomic model
  • Atomic modelsPDB-6hre
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Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_0259.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_0259.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 75.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Voxel size
XYZ
EMDB info.1.151.151.15
CCP4 map header1.041.041.04
EM Navigator Movie #11.041.041.04
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.02 / Movie #1: 0.02
Minimum - Maximum-0.07166 - 0.14379393
Average (Standard dev.)0.00032994294 (±0.0072139944)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions270270270
Spacing270270270
CellA=B=C: 310.5 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.041.041.04
M x/y/z270270270
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z280.800280.800280.800
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS270270270
D min/max/mean-0.0720.1440.000

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_0259_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half map 1

Fileemd_0259_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf map 1
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: Half map 2

Fileemd_0259_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf map 2
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patie...

EntireName: Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease
Components
  • Tissue: Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease
    • Protein or peptide: Microtubule-associated protein tauTau protein

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Supramolecule #1: Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patie...

SupramoleculeName: Tau filaments extracted from the frontotemporal cortex of a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease
type: tissue / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Organ: Brain / Tissue: Frontotemporal cortex

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Macromolecule #1: Microtubule-associated protein tau

MacromoleculeName: Microtubule-associated protein tau / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 6 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Human (human) / Tissue: Brain
Molecular weightTheoretical: 45.919871 KDa
SequenceString: MAEPRQEFEV MEDHAGTYGL GDRKDQGGYT MHQDQEGDTD AGLKESPLQT PTEDGSEEPG SETSDAKSTP TAEDVTAPLV DEGAPGKQA AAQPHTEIPE GTTAEEAGIG DTPSLEDEAA GHVTQARMVS KSKDGTGSDD KKAKGADGKT KIATPRGAAP P GQKGQANA ...String:
MAEPRQEFEV MEDHAGTYGL GDRKDQGGYT MHQDQEGDTD AGLKESPLQT PTEDGSEEPG SETSDAKSTP TAEDVTAPLV DEGAPGKQA AAQPHTEIPE GTTAEEAGIG DTPSLEDEAA GHVTQARMVS KSKDGTGSDD KKAKGADGKT KIATPRGAAP P GQKGQANA TRIPAKTPPA PKTPPSSGEP PKSGDRSGYS SPGSPGTPGS RSRTPSLPTP PTREPKKVAV VRTPPKSPSS AK SRLQTAP VPMPDLKNVK SKIGSTENLK HQPGGGKVQI INKKLDLSNV QSKCGSKDNI KHVPGGGSVQ IVYKPVDLSK VTS KCGSLG NIHHKPGGGQ VEVKSEKLDF KDRVQSKIGS LDNITHVPGG GNKKIETHKL TFRENAKAKT DHGAEIVYKS PVVS GDTSP RHLSNVSSTG SIDMVDSPQL ATLADEVSAS LAKQGL

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processinghelical reconstruction
Aggregation statetissue

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Sample preparation

Concentration0.5 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
Component:
ConcentrationFormula
20.0 mMTris-HClTris
100.0 mMNaClSodium chloride
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV
DetailsDispersed filaments

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.8000000000000003 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.7 µm
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Name: GIF Quantum LS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: COUNTING / Average electron dose: 1.2 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionSoftware - Name: Gctf (ver. 1.06)
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δz: 2.37 Å
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δ&Phi: 179.45 °
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Axial symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 2.1) / Number images used: 95917
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

DetailsFourier-space refinement of the complete atomic model against the narrow Pick filament map was performed in REFMAC. A stack of three consecutive monomers was refined to preserve nearest-neighbour interactions for the middle chain.
RefinementSpace: RECIPROCAL / Protocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Overall B value: 72.8 / Target criteria: Fourier shell correlation
Output model

PDB-6hre:
Paired helical filament from sporadic Alzheimer's disease brain

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