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- EMDB-6988: cryo-em structure of alpha-synuclein fiber -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-6988
Titlecryo-em structure of alpha-synuclein fiber
Map dataDensity map calculated by applying a helical symmetry to the segments in the middle of 3D reconstruction. The twist angle is 179.64 degree and the rise is 3.39 angstrom.
Sample
  • Complex: alpha-synuclein fiber
    • Protein or peptide: Alpha-synuclein
Keywordsalpha-syn fiber / Parkinson disease / PROTEIN FIBRIL
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of phospholipase activity / negative regulation of monooxygenase activity / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process ...negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone / neutral lipid metabolic process / regulation of phospholipase activity / negative regulation of monooxygenase activity / regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process / negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake / positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity / positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process / supramolecular fiber / negative regulation of transporter activity / negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy / mitochondrial membrane organization / regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process / positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery / regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling / negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of exocytosis / regulation of glutamate secretion / response to iron(II) ion / regulation of norepinephrine uptake / dopamine biosynthetic process / SNARE complex assembly / positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion / synaptic vesicle priming / dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission / regulation of macrophage activation / regulation of locomotion / mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / negative regulation of microtubule polymerization / synaptic vesicle transport / dynein complex binding / positive regulation of receptor recycling / regulation of dopamine secretion / positive regulation of endocytosis / protein kinase inhibitor activity / negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway / response to type II interferon / cuprous ion binding / positive regulation of exocytosis / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process / response to magnesium ion / kinesin binding / alpha-tubulin binding / regulation of presynapse assembly / synaptic vesicle endocytosis / negative regulation of serotonin uptake / localization / phospholipid metabolic process / supramolecular fiber organization / axon terminus / inclusion body / cellular response to copper ion / Hsp70 protein binding / cellular response to epinephrine stimulus / excitatory postsynaptic potential / response to interleukin-1 / adult locomotory behavior / SNARE binding / positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / fatty acid metabolic process / long-term synaptic potentiation / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / ferrous iron binding / synapse organization / phospholipid binding / protein tetramerization / phosphoprotein binding / microglial cell activation / regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity / negative regulation of protein kinase activity / tau protein binding / protein destabilization / PKR-mediated signaling / negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity / receptor internalization / synaptic vesicle membrane / positive regulation of inflammatory response / activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / actin cytoskeleton / positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation / cellular response to oxidative stress / actin binding / cell cortex / growth cone / histone binding / chemical synaptic transmission / postsynapse / neuron apoptotic process / negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process / amyloid fibril formation / response to lipopolysaccharide / lysosome / oxidoreductase activity / molecular adaptor activity / transcription cis-regulatory region binding
Similarity search - Function
Synuclein / Alpha-synuclein / Synuclein
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodhelical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.07 Å
AuthorsLi YW / Zhao CY
CitationJournal: Cell Res / Year: 2018
Title: Amyloid fibril structure of α-synuclein determined by cryo-electron microscopy.
Authors: Yaowang Li / Chunyu Zhao / Feng Luo / Zhenying Liu / Xinrui Gui / Zhipu Luo / Xiang Zhang / Dan Li / Cong Liu / Xueming Li /
Abstract: α-Synuclein (α-syn) amyloid fibrils are the major component of Lewy bodies, which are the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. High-resolution structure of ...α-Synuclein (α-syn) amyloid fibrils are the major component of Lewy bodies, which are the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. High-resolution structure of α-syn fibril is important for understanding its assembly and pathological mechanism. Here, we determined a fibril structure of full-length α-syn (1-140) at the resolution of 3.07 Å by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The fibrils are cytotoxic, and transmissible to induce endogenous α-syn aggregation in primary neurons. Based on the reconstructed cryo-EM density map, we were able to unambiguously build the fibril structure comprising residues 37-99. The α-syn amyloid fibril structure shows two protofilaments intertwining along an approximate 2 screw axis into a left-handed helix. Each protofilament features a Greek key-like topology. Remarkably, five out of the six early-onset PD familial mutations are located at the dimer interface of the fibril (H50Q, G51D, and A53T/E) or involved in the stabilization of the protofilament (E46K). Furthermore, these PD mutations lead to the formation of fibrils with polymorphic structures distinct from that of the wild-type. Our study provides molecular insight into the fibrillar assembly of α-syn at the atomic level and sheds light on the molecular pathogenesis caused by familial PD mutations of α-syn.
History
DepositionJun 27, 2018-
Header (metadata) releaseJul 11, 2018-
Map releaseJul 11, 2018-
UpdateMar 27, 2024-
Current statusMar 27, 2024Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.02
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.02
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6a6b
  • Surface level: 0.02
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Simplified surface model + fitted atomic model
  • Atomic modelsPDB-6a6b
  • Imaged by Jmol
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_6988.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_6988.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 30.5 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationDensity map calculated by applying a helical symmetry to the segments in the middle of 3D reconstruction. The twist angle is 179.64 degree and the rise is 3.39 angstrom.
Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.32 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.02 / Movie #1: 0.02
Minimum - Maximum-0.06977273 - 0.14746831
Average (Standard dev.)0.001625986 (±0.008289028)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions200200200
Spacing200200200
CellA=B=C: 264.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.321.321.32
M x/y/z200200200
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z264.000264.000264.000
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS200200200
D min/max/mean-0.0700.1470.002

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: 3D reconstruction map without applying helical symmetry.

Fileemd_6988_additional.map
Annotation3D reconstruction map without applying helical symmetry.
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: 3D reconstruction map using half dataset

Fileemd_6988_half_map_1.map
Annotation3D reconstruction map using half dataset
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: 3D reconstruction map using half dataset

Fileemd_6988_half_map_2.map
Annotation3D reconstruction map using half dataset
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : alpha-synuclein fiber

EntireName: alpha-synuclein fiber
Components
  • Complex: alpha-synuclein fiber
    • Protein or peptide: Alpha-synuclein

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Supramolecule #1: alpha-synuclein fiber

SupramoleculeName: alpha-synuclein fiber / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Alpha-synuclein

MacromoleculeName: Alpha-synuclein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 12 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 6.251097 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
SequenceString:
VLYVGSKTKE GVVHGVATVA EKTKEQVTNV GGAVVTGVTA VAQKTVEGAG SIAAATGFVK KDQ

UniProtKB: Alpha-synuclein

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processinghelical reconstruction
Aggregation statefilament

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE
Details: 4 microl of alpha-syn fibril solution was applied to a glow-discharged holey carbon grid (Quantifoil R1.2/1.3, 300 mesh), blotted for 6 s, and plunge-frozen in liquid ethane using FEI ...Details: 4 microl of alpha-syn fibril solution was applied to a glow-discharged holey carbon grid (Quantifoil R1.2/1.3, 300 mesh), blotted for 6 s, and plunge-frozen in liquid ethane using FEI Vitrobot Mark IV. 95% humidity, 16 degrees
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 289 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Digitization - Frames/image: 1-32 / Average exposure time: 8.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: OTHER / Details: a feature less cylinder
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δz: 2.393 Å
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Δ&Phi: 179.641 °
Applied symmetry - Helical parameters - Axial symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.07 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 2.1) / Number images used: 43677

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