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TitleA broadly protective antibody targeting gammaherpesvirus gB.
Journal, issue, pagesNature, Year 2026
Publish dateFeb 2, 2026
AuthorsCong Sun / Chu Xie / Bing-Zhen Cheng / Zi-Ying Jiang / Pei-Huang Wu / Xin-Yan Fang / Peng-Lin Li / Xian-Shu Tian / Hang Zhou / Yan-Lin Yang / Jing Wang / Sen-Fang Sui / Zheng Liu / Mu-Sheng Zeng /
PubMed AbstractGammaherpesvirus is a subfamily of herpesvirus, distinct phylogenetically from alphaherpesvirus and betaherpesvirus and characterized by its oncogenic subtypes, including Epstein-Barr virus and ...Gammaherpesvirus is a subfamily of herpesvirus, distinct phylogenetically from alphaherpesvirus and betaherpesvirus and characterized by its oncogenic subtypes, including Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It broadly infects humans and other vertebrates and causes various diseases and malignancies. However, no specific antiviral agents are available for each subtype or the whole family. gB is a common fusion protein that is vital for herpesvirus infection and is an ideal target for broad vaccine development; however, a lack of structural and mechanistic understanding of gB hinders this effort. Here we report the molecular basis of broad gB binding and cross-genus virus neutralization by an antibody, Fab5. This antibody confers effective protection against authentic virus challenges in immunocompetent mice, non-human primates and humanized mice with murine, rhesus and human gammaherpesvirus. Cryo-electron microscopy structures reveal that Fab5 targets a conserved and vulnerable epitope of gammaherpesvirus gB that is antigenically exposed in both pre-fusion and post-fusion states. This finding not only demonstrates that Fab5 is a cross-genus antibody that is broadly reactive to gammaherpesvirus infection and pathogenesis progression, but also offers insights into potential common mechanisms for herpesvirus infection and facilitates the development of broad-spectrum vaccines against gammaherpesviruses.
External linksNature / PubMed:41629701
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.3 - 3.5 Å
Structure data

64523

9uv4

EMDB-64523, PDB-9uv4:
Structure of MHV68 glycoprotein B in complex with Fab5
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

64532

9uvc

EMDB-64532, PDB-9uvc:
Structure of MHV68 glycoprotein B
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

64607

9uy9

EMDB-64607, PDB-9uy9:
Macacine gammaherpesvirus 4 glycoprotein B in complex with Fab5
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Source
  • murid herpesvirus 68
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
  • murid gammaherpesvirus 4 (Murine herpesvirus 68)
  • macacine gammaherpesvirus 4 (Rhesus lymphocryptovirus)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / MHV68 / gB / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex / VIRAL PROTEIN / rhLCV

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