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Structure paper

TitleCombining MicroED and native mass spectrometry for structural discovery of enzyme-small molecule complexes.
Journal, issue, pagesProc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 122, Issue 31, Page e2503780122, Year 2025
Publish dateAug 5, 2025
AuthorsNiko W Vlahakis / Cameron W Flowers / Mengting Liu / Matthew P Agdanowski / Samuel Johnson / Jacob A Summers / Lian M C Jacobs / Catherine Keyser / Phoebe Russell / Samuel L Rose / Julien Orlans / Nima Adhami / Yu Chen / Michael R Sawaya / Shibom Basu / Daniele de Sanctis / Yu Chen / Soichi Wakatsuki / Hosea M Nelson / Joseph A Loo / Yi Tang / Jose A Rodriguez /
PubMed AbstractWith the goal of accelerating the discovery of small molecule-protein complexes, we leverage fast, low-dose, event-based electron counting microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) data collection ...With the goal of accelerating the discovery of small molecule-protein complexes, we leverage fast, low-dose, event-based electron counting microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) data collection and native mass spectrometry. This approach, which we term electron diffraction with native mass spectrometry (ED-MS), allows assignment of protein target structures bound to ligands with data obtained from crystal slurries soaked with mixtures of known inhibitors and crude biosynthetic reactions. This extends to libraries of printed ligands dispensed directly onto TEM grids for later soaking with microcrystal slurries, and complexes with noncovalent ligands. ED-MS resolves structures of the natural product, epoxide-based cysteine protease inhibitor E-64, and its biosynthetic analogs bound to the model cysteine protease, papain. It further identifies papain binding to its preferred natural products, by showing that two analogs of E-64 outcompete others in binding to papain crystals, and by detecting papain bound to E-64 and an analog from crude biosynthetic reactions, without purification. ED-MS also resolves binding of the CTX-M-14 β-lactamase, a target of active drug development, to the non-β-lactam inhibitor, avibactam, alone or in a cocktail of unrelated compounds. These results illustrate the utility of ED-MS for natural product ligand discovery and for structure-based screening of small molecule binders to macromolecular targets, promising utility for drug discovery.
External linksProc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:40720654 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (electron crystallography) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution1.4 - 2.8 Å
Structure data

PDB-9nbp:
MicroED structure of the papain-E-64 complex from microcrystals mixed on-grid with microarrayed ligand
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.8 Å

PDB-9nbq:
MicroED structure of papain co-crystallized with E-64D
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.3 Å

PDB-9nc1:
MicroED structure of papain-E-64 complex from microcrystals soaked with protease inhibitor cocktail
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.4 Å

PDB-9nca:
MicroED structure of microcrystals soaked with a mixture of E-64, E-64C, and E-64D
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.5 Å

PDB-9ncc:
Serial synchrotron X-ray diffraction structure of the apo form of papain
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.8 Å

PDB-9oqe:
X-ray diffraction structure of apo-form CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å

PDB-9or3:
X-ray diffraction structure of CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase co-crystallized with avibactam
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.6 Å

PDB-9or7:
X-ray diffraction structure of CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase soaked with avibactam
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å

PDB-9orb:
X-ray diffraction structure of the CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase-avibactam complex an inhibitor cocktail-soaked crystal
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å

PDB-9org:
MicroED structure of apo-form CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.5 Å

PDB-9orh:
MicroED structure of the CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase-avibactam complex from inhibitor cocktail-soaked crystals
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2 Å

PDB-9orl:
MicroED structure of CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase soaked with avibactam
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.3 Å

PDB-9ors:
MicroED structure of CTX-M-14 beta-lactamase co-crystallized with avibactam
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2 Å

PDB-9orv:
X-ray diffraction structure of lysozyme co-crystallized with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.6 Å

PDB-9orw:
X-ray diffraction structure of apo-form lysozyme
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å

PDB-9orx:
X-ray diffraction structure of lysozyme complexed with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose from a cocktail-soaked crystal
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å

PDB-9ory:
X-ray diffraction structure of lysozyme soaked with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.4 Å

PDB-9orz:
MicroED structure of apo-form lysozyme
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.3 Å

PDB-9os0:
MicroED structure of lysozyme complexed with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose from cocktail-soaked crystals
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.4 Å

PDB-9os1:
MicroED structure of lysozyme co-crystallized with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.3 Å

PDB-9os8:
MicroED structure of lysozyme soaked with N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose
Method: ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY / Resolution: 2.3 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-E64:
N-[N-[1-HYDROXYCARBOXYETHYL-CARBONYL]LEUCYLAMINO-BUTYL]-GUANIDINE

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

ChemComp-E6D:
ethyl (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-({(2S)-4-methyl-1-[(3-methylbutyl)amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl}amino)-4-oxobutanoate

ChemComp-E6C:
N-[1-HYDROXYCARBOXYETHYL-CARBONYL]LEUCYLAMINO-2-METHYL-BUTANE

ChemComp-PO4:
PHOSPHATE ION

ChemComp-K:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-NXL:
(2S,5R)-1-formyl-5-[(sulfooxy)amino]piperidine-2-carboxamide / antibiotic*YM

ChemComp-GOL:
GLYCEROL

ChemComp-CL:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-NA:
Unknown entry

Source
  • carica papaya (papaya)
  • escherichia coli (E. coli)
  • gallus gallus (chicken)
KeywordsHYDROLASE/INHIBITOR / Inhibitor / Complex / MicroED / Enzyme / HYDROLASE-INHIBITOR complex / Cocktail / HYDROLASE / serial / protease / beta-lactamase / ligand

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