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| Title | Cross-neutralizing and potent human monoclonal antibodies against historical and emerging H5Nx influenza viruses. |
|---|---|
| Journal, issue, pages | Nat Microbiol, Vol. 10, Issue 11, Page 2903-2918, Year 2025 |
| Publish date | Oct 14, 2025 |
Authors | Alexandra A Abu-Shmais / Gray Freeman / Adrian Creanga / Matthew J Vukovich / Tek Malla / Grace E Mantus / Geoffrey D Shimberg / Rebecca A Gillespie / Vanessa Guerra Canedo / Bernadeta Dadonaite / Megan D Rodgers / Ankita J Chopde / Elizabeth Bardwil-Lugones / Tatsiana Bylund / Amy R Henry / Jesmine Roberts-Torres / Timothy S Johnston / Sarah Smith / Eun Sung Yang / Cheng Cheng / Emma L Walker / Michelle Ravichandran / Ingelise J Gordon / Tejaswi S Dittakavi / Douglas S Reed / Theodore C Pierson / Lesia Dropulic / Jesse D Bloom / Yaroslav Tsybovsky / Eli A Boritz / Daniel C Douek / Tongqing Zhou / Masaru Kanekiyo / Sarah F Andrews / ![]() |
| PubMed Abstract | Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses are an emerging threat for global health, especially clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus which causes panzootic infections. Here we describe the isolation and ...Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses are an emerging threat for global health, especially clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus which causes panzootic infections. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of broadly cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against diverse H5Nx viruses from individuals who received a monovalent H5N1 vaccine 15 years ago. By screening over 500 mAbs, we identified 5 mAbs that neutralized the majority of H5 clades including 2.3.4.4b and target three distinct conserved epitopes within the HA globular head. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of these mAbs in complex with HA, deep mutational scanning and neutralization escape studies define the sites of vulnerability of H5 HA. These mAbs mediated stronger prophylactic protection against clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infection in mice than the best-in-class mAb targeting the HA stem. Our study identified several highly potent broadly neutralizing H5 mAbs from humans that either alone or in combination provide a pragmatic pandemic preparedness option against the threat of panzootic H5N1 influenza. |
External links | Nat Microbiol / PubMed:41087744 / PubMed Central |
| Methods | EM (single particle) |
| Resolution | 3.22 - 3.73 Å |
| Structure data | EMDB-48515, PDB-9mq7: EMDB-48516, PDB-9mq8: EMDB-48517, PDB-9mq9: EMDB-48518, PDB-9mqa: EMDB-48521, PDB-9mqd: |
| Source |
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Keywords | VIRAL PROTEIN/IMMUNE SYSTEM / Highly pathogenic avian influenza / hemagglutinin H5N1 / bird flu / VIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex |
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influenza a virus
homo sapiens (human)
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