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TitleSingle-domain antibodies directed against hemagglutinin and neuraminidase protect against influenza B viruses.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 5831, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 1, 2025
AuthorsArne Matthys / Jan Felix / Joao Paulo Portela Catani / Kenny Roose / Wim Nerinckx / Benthe Van Buyten / Daria Fijalkowska / Nico Callewaert / Savvas N Savvides / Xavier Saelens /
PubMed AbstractInfluenza B viruses are antigenically diverse and contribute significantly to the annual influenza burden. Here we report influenza B virus neutralizing single-domain antibodies that target highly ...Influenza B viruses are antigenically diverse and contribute significantly to the annual influenza burden. Here we report influenza B virus neutralizing single-domain antibodies that target highly conserved regions of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Structural studies by single particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) revealed that one of these single-domain antibodies prevents the conformational transition of the viral hemagglutinin to the post-fusion state by targeting a quaternary epitope spanning two protomers in the hemagglutinin-stem region. A second single-domain antibody broadly inhibits influenza B neuraminidase activity, including an oseltamivir-resistant neuraminidase, and its complex with neuraminidase elucidated by single particle cryo-EM established that it binds to residues in the neuraminidase catalytic site. Head-to-tail fusions of these single-domain antibodies led to bispecific binders that further improved the neutralization breadth and potency against influenza B viruses. These single-domain antibodies, fused to a human IgG1-Fc domain, fully protected female mice against an otherwise lethal influenza B virus challenge. Our findings underscore the potential of engineered single-domain antibodies to help control influenza B virus infections.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:40593518 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.93 - 3.6 Å
Structure data

50546

9fm1

EMDB-50546, PDB-9fm1:
Cryo-EM structure of Influenza B/Washington/02/2019 virus hemagglutinin in complex with single-domain antibody hVHH-69.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.93 Å

50547

9fm2

EMDB-50547, PDB-9fm2:
Cryo-EM structure of Influenza B/Washington/02/2019 virus neuraminidase in complex with single-domain antibody hVHH-525.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • influenza b virus
  • lama glama (llama)
KeywordsANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / hemagglutinin / single-domain antibody / complex / neuraminidase

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