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TitleA type IV pili-mediated mutualism between two co-resident temperate archaeal viruses and their host.
Journal, issue, pagesCell Rep, Vol. 44, Issue 7, Page 115873, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 22, 2025
AuthorsJialin Xiang / Ravi R Sonani / Yangyang Wang / Zhao Chen / Weiyan Xiong / Jiangling Chen / Shuyu Li / Kang An / Yixuan Wang / Ying Liu / Mark A B Kreutzberger / Mart Krupovic / Edward H Egelman / Shishen Du / Xiangdong Chen /
PubMed AbstractCo-resident temperate viruses are ubiquitous in prokaryotes, which interact with each other and affect their shared host. However, how such virus-virus and virus-host interactions play out in Archaea ...Co-resident temperate viruses are ubiquitous in prokaryotes, which interact with each other and affect their shared host. However, how such virus-virus and virus-host interactions play out in Archaea remains largely unexplored. Here, we discover a tripartite mutualistic interaction among the co-existing temperate viruses SNJ1 and SNJ2 and their host, haloarchaeon Natrinema sp. J7. We find that the SNJ2 provirus encodes two type IV pilins (T4Ps), which hijack the host secretion machinery to assemble into distinct filaments on the host cell surface. The SNJ2-encoded pili are dispensable for the SNJ2 infection but serve as receptors for SNJ1. As a quid pro quo, SNJ1 enhances the replication of SNJ2. Furthermore, the viral pili are the dominant filaments on the cell surface and promote biofilm formation and motility of the host. A number of SNJ2-like proviruses harbor T4P genes, suggesting that T4P-mediated virus-virus and virus-host interactions are widespread in Haloarchaea.
External linksCell Rep / PubMed:40544455 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (helical sym.)
Resolution3.0 - 3.8 Å
Structure data

40060

8gi2

EMDB-40060: Cryo-EM structure of Natrinema sp. J7-2 Type IV pilus
PDB-8gi2: Cryo-EM structure of Natrinema sp. J7-2 Type IV pilus, PilA2
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

48737

9myg

EMDB-48737, PDB-9myg:
Cryo-EM structure of Natrinema sp. J7-2 Type IV pilus, PilA1
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.8 Å

Source
  • natrinema sp. j7-2 (archaea)
KeywordsPROTEIN FIBRIL / Helical / Pili / Natrinema / MOTOR PROTEIN / Type IV pilus / Pilin / Biofilm

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