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TitleMechanistic and antigenic boundaries of Henipavirus and Parahenipavirus glycoproteins.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Year 2026
Publish dateJun 19, 2026
AuthorsAaron J May / Muralikrishna Lella / Jared Lindenberger / Alex Berkman / Ujjwal Kumar / Kejun Liu / Moumita Dutta / Maggie Barr / Rob Parks / Xiaozhi Lu / Madison Berry / Amanda Powell / Amelia G Thompson / Sravya Sowdamini Nakka / Camila T França / Xiao Huang / Arpita Mrigwani / Kijun Song / Victor Ilevbare / Salam Sammour / Chan Soo Park / Radha Devkota Adhikari / Priyanka Devkota / Katarzyna Janowska / Yanshun Liu / Garrett Scapellato / Taylor N Spence / Katayoun Mansouri / Kevin Wiehe / Nancy J Sullivan / Rosemarie Mason / Robert J Edwards / Kevin O Saunders / Barton F Haynes / Priyamvada Acharya /
PubMed AbstractHenipaviruses, in the Paramyxoviridae family, includes the highly virulent Nipah virus that causes reoccurring outbreaks of deadly disease. Recent discoveries of Henipavirus-like species, including ...Henipaviruses, in the Paramyxoviridae family, includes the highly virulent Nipah virus that causes reoccurring outbreaks of deadly disease. Recent discoveries of Henipavirus-like species, including the zoonotic Langya virus, have revealed much higher antigenic diversity than currently characterized and prompted the reorganization of these viruses into the Henipavirus and Parahenipavirus genera. Here, to explore the limits of structural and antigenic variation in both genera, collectively referred to as HNVs, we construct an expanded, diverse panel of HNV fusion and attachment glycoproteins from non-redundant HNV strains that better reflect global HNV diversity. We express and purify the fusion protein ectodomains and the attachment protein head domains and study their biochemical and biophysical properties. We perform immunization experiments in mice, eliciting antibodies reactive to multiple HNV fusion proteins. Cryo-electron microscopy structures elucidate molecular determinants of differential pre-fusion state stability and higher order contacts. A crystal structure of the Gamak virus attachment head domain reveals an additional domain appended to the conserved 6-bladed, β-propeller fold. Taken together, these studies expand the known structural and antigenic limits of the HNVs, reveal cross-reactive epitopes within both genera and provide foundational data for the development of broadly reactive countermeasures.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:42321170
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution1.42 - 7.39 Å
Structure data

EMDB-48423, PDB-9mnh:
Angavokely virus (AngV) fusion (F) protein ectodomain in pre-fusion conformation
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.03 Å

EMDB-48535, PDB-9mqn:
AngV-F Pre-fusion Protein
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 5.9 Å

EMDB-48715: Cryo-EM map of vaccine elicited antibody 22F5 bound to post-fusion conformation of Langya virus F protein
PDB-9nz0: Cryo-EM structure of vaccine elicited antibody 22F5 bound to the post-fusion conformation of the LayV-F glycoprotein
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.31 Å

EMDB-49948, PDB-9nz2:
Cryo-EM structure of antibody 22F5 in complex with pre-fusion stabilized LayV-F
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.46 Å


EMDB entry, No image

EMDB-76165: Nipah virus fusion protein with 20G7 antibody fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 5.07 Å


EMDB entry, No image

EMDB-76168: Nipah virus fusion protein ectodomain in complex with 8C7 antibody fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 5.27 Å


EMDB entry, No image

EMDB-76170: Hendra virus fusion protein ectodomain in complex with 9A9 antibody fab
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 7.39 Å

PDB-9ehu:
Crystal structure of the Gamak virus attachment protein head domain
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.42 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-GOL:
GLYCEROL

ChemComp-SO4:
SULFATE ION

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • angavokely henipavirus
  • langya virus
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
  • Homo sapiens (human)
  • parahenipavirus
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / fusion / glycoprotein / virus / Henipavirus / AngV-F protein / Pre-fusion F protein / Cryo-EM structure / Fusion Ectodomain / Dimer-of-trimer / IMMUNE SYSTEM/VIRAL PROTEIN / Langya virus / vaccine-elicited antibody / DII domain / shrew-origin / ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / IMMUNE SYSTEM-VIRAL PROTEIN complex / parahenipavirus / cross-reactive

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