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TitleAsymmetric structural transitions in the icosahedral organization of Eastern equine encephalitis virus.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Year 2026
Publish dateMay 15, 2026
AuthorsAbhishek Bandyopadhyay / Lauren E Williamson / Cameron D Buchman / Thomas Klose / James E Crowe / Richard J Kuhn /
PubMed AbstractDelivery of the viral genome into host cells is a critical step in successful viral infection. Alphaviruses achieve this step by fusing the viral and endosomal membranes under acidic conditions. This ...Delivery of the viral genome into host cells is a critical step in successful viral infection. Alphaviruses achieve this step by fusing the viral and endosomal membranes under acidic conditions. This process requires significant structural changes in the alphavirus glycoprotein organization. Structural characterization of acidic pH-induced conformational changes in alphavirus virions has remained elusive due to the rapid, transient nature of these states, conformational heterogeneity, and particle aggregation. Antibody binding studies conducted at elevated temperatures or under acidic pH conditions have further revealed the presence of transitional epitopes that are inaccessible on alphaviruses at room temperature or neutral pH. In this report, we present structural snapshots of the conformational changes in the glycoproteins and nucleocapsid core of a prototypical alphavirus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, caused by exposure to 40 °C or pH 5.6. These findings provide insights into the structural transitions that occur prior to viral fusion with the endosomal membrane. This approach has also allowed us to define the molecular basis for recognition of a pan-alphavirus epitope by a patient-derived human antibody.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:42140932
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.1 - 11.3 Å
Structure data

EMDB-72740, PDB-9yaw:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of SINV/EEEV in complex with Fab EEEV-33 at arm 4 at pH 5.6.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.2 Å

EMDB-72741, PDB-9yax:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of the low pH treated back neutralized SINV/EEEV in complex with Fab fragment of the antibody EEEV-179
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.2 Å

EMDB-72743, PDB-9yaz:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of SINV/EEEV in complex with Fab EEEV-179 at 40C sample.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.8 Å

EMDB-72745, PDB-9yb1:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of SINV/EEEV at pH 5.6.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.7 Å

EMDB-72746, PDB-9yb2:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of SINV/EEEV at 40C sample.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.1 Å

EMDB-72747, PDB-9yb3:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of SINV/EEEV.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

EMDB-72748, PDB-9yb4:
Localized reconstruction of the asymmetric unit of the low pH treated back neutralized SINV/EEEV.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-73016: Icosahedral reconstruction of EEEV at pH 5.6.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 10.4 Å

EMDB-73024: EEEV + EEEV-179 Fab at pH 5.6
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 11.3 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • eastern equine encephalitis virus
KeywordsVIRUS / Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus / Cryo-EM / Single Particle Averaging / localized reconstruction / asymmetric unit / low pH back neutralization. / 40C. / asymmetric unit.

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