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TitleStructural basis of liver de-targeting and neuronal tropism of CNS-targeted AAV capsids.
Journal, issue, pagesMol Ther, Year 2026
Publish dateMar 28, 2026
AuthorsTyler J Brittain / Seongmin Jang / Gerard M Coughlin / Jonathan D Hoang / Bre'Anna H Barcelona / Izabela Giriat / Fiona Ristic / Nathan Appling / Camille P M A Chossis / Timothy F Shay / Viviana Gradinaru /
PubMed AbstractDeveloping effective vectors for gene therapy requires accurate on-target coverage while minimizing off-target transduction that can lead to adverse events. In mice, the engineered capsid PHP.eB ...Developing effective vectors for gene therapy requires accurate on-target coverage while minimizing off-target transduction that can lead to adverse events. In mice, the engineered capsid PHP.eB shows enhanced brain transduction, while the further engineered CAP-B10 is also de-targeted from astrocytes and liver. Here, we solved cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of CAP-B10 and its complex with the adeno-associated virus receptor (AAVR) domain PKD2, at 2.22- and 2.20-Å resolutions, respectively. These structures reveal a motif that hinders AAVR binding, which we confirmed by measuring affinities. We showed that this motif is transferable to other capsids by solving cryo-EM structures of AAV9-X1, at 3.09 Å, and AAV9-X1.1 without and with PKD2, at 2.51 and 2.18 Å, respectively. Using this structural information, we designed and validated novel AAV variants with reduced liver and altered brain cell tropism in vivo. Overall, we provide a framework for using structural information to guide rational engineering of gene delivery vectors to achieve safe and effective delivery.
External linksMol Ther / PubMed:41906393
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.05 - 3.09 Å
Structure data

EMDB-71273, PDB-9p4l:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV.CAP-B10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.22 Å

EMDB-71274, PDB-9p4m:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV9-B10
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.05 Å

EMDB-71275, PDB-9p4n:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV9-X1.1 complexed to AAVR-PKD2
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.18 Å

EMDB-71276, PDB-9p4o:
Cryo-EM structure of PHP.eB.24
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.05 Å

EMDB-71277, PDB-9p4p:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV9-X1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.09 Å

EMDB-71278, PDB-9p4q:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV.CAP-B10 complexed to AAVR-PKD2
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.2 Å

EMDB-71279, PDB-9p4r:
Cryo-EM structure of AAV9-X1.1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.51 Å

Source
  • adeno-associated virus
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsVIRUS / AAV / liver / detarget / PHP.eB / CAP-B10 / AAV9 / AAV9-X1.1 / X1.1 / LRP6 / AAVR / PKD2 / X1 / receptor / complex / liver detarget

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