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TitleStructural insights into the divergent evolution of a photosystem I supercomplex in .
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 11, Issue 44, Page eaea6241, Year 2025
Publish dateOct 31, 2025
AuthorsKoji Kato / Yoshiki Nakajima / Runa Sakamoto / Minoru Kumazawa / Kentaro Ifuku / Takahiro Ishikawa / Jian-Ren Shen / Atsushi Takabayashi / Ryo Nagao /
PubMed AbstractPhotosystem I (PSI) forms supercomplexes with light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Here, we report a 2.82-angstrom cryo-electron microscopy structure of the PSI-LHCI ...Photosystem I (PSI) forms supercomplexes with light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Here, we report a 2.82-angstrom cryo-electron microscopy structure of the PSI-LHCI supercomplex from , a eukaryotic alga with secondary green alga-derived plastids. The structure reveals a PSI monomer core with eight subunits and 13 asymmetrically arranged LHCI proteins. LHCIs bind diadinoxanthin, which is one of the carotenoids typically associated with red-lineage LHCs and is not present in the canonical LHCI belt found in green-lineage PSI-LHCI structures. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the LHCIs originated from LHCII-related clades rather than from the green-lineage LHCI group and that the nuclear-encoded PSI subunit PsaD likely originated from cyanobacteria via horizontal gene transfer. These observations indicate a mosaic origin of the PSI-LHCI. Our findings uncover a noncanonical light-harvesting architecture and highlight the structural and evolutionary plasticity of photosynthetic systems, illustrating how endosymbiotic acquisition and lineage-specific adaptation shape divergent light-harvesting strategies.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:41171917 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.83 Å
Structure data

65026

9vfj

EMDB-65026, PDB-9vfj:
PSI-LHCI of Euglena gracilis strain Z
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.83 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CL0:
CHLOROPHYLL A ISOMER

ChemComp-CLA:
CHLOROPHYLL A

ChemComp-PQN:
PHYLLOQUINONE

ChemComp-SF4:
IRON/SULFUR CLUSTER

ChemComp-BCR:
BETA-CAROTENE

ChemComp-LHG:
1,2-DIPALMITOYL-PHOSPHATIDYL-GLYCEROLE / phospholipid*YM


ChemComp, No image

ChemComp-UNL:
Unknown ligand

ChemComp-DGD:
DIGALACTOSYL DIACYL GLYCEROL (DGDG)

ChemComp-DD6:
(3S,3'R,5R,6S,7cis)-7',8'-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-5,6-epoxy-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • euglena gracilis (euglena)
KeywordsPHOTOSYNTHESIS / Photosystem I / ELECTRON TRANSPORT

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