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TitleExtended Shine-Dalgarno motifs govern translation initiation in Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Year 2026
Publish dateFeb 12, 2026
AuthorsMaximilian P Kohl / Roberto Bahena-Ceron / Béatrice Chane-Woon-Ming / Maria Kompatscher / Matthias D Erlacher / Charles Barchet / Ottilie von Loeffelholz / Pascale Romby / Bruno P Klaholz / Stefano Marzi /
PubMed AbstractRegulation of translation initiation is central to bacterial adaptation, but species-specific mechanisms remain poorly understood. We present high-resolution mapping of translation start sites in ...Regulation of translation initiation is central to bacterial adaptation, but species-specific mechanisms remain poorly understood. We present high-resolution mapping of translation start sites in Staphylococcus aureus, revealing distinct features of initiation alongside numerous unannotated small ORFs. Our analysis, combined with cryo-EM of a native mRNA-ribosome complex, shows that S. aureus relies on extended, start codon proximal Shine-Dalgarno (SD) interactions, creating specificity against phylogenetically distant bacteria. Several natural S. aureus initiation sites are not correctly decoded by E. coli ribosomes. We identify new and conserved non-canonical start codons, whose regulatory initiation sites contain these characteristic extended SD sequence motifs. Finally, we characterize a novel example of uORF-mediated translational control in S. aureus, demonstrating that translation of a small leader peptide modulates expression of a key biofilm regulator. The described mechanism involves codon rarity, ribosome pausing, and arginine availability, linking nutrient sensing to biofilm formation in this major human pathogen.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41680142
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.3 Å
Structure data

EMDB-55526, PDB-9t4r:
Staphylococcus aureus 70S initiation complex with a natural mRNA
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.3 Å

Source
  • staphylococcus aureus (bacteria)
  • escherichia coli (E. coli)
KeywordsRIBOSOME / Shine-Delgarno / anti Shine-Delgarno / translation initiation / Staphylococcus aureus.

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