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TitleArchitecture of clathrin-independent AP3:ARF1-coated carriers.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 12, Issue 20, Page eaed1529, Year 2026
Publish dateMay 15, 2026
AuthorsJonathan G G Kaufman / Grigory Tagiltsev / Danièle S Stalder / Rebecca J Taylor / Ioana Sava / Hui Guo / Katarzyna A Ciazynska / Nathan R Zaccai / Sally R Gray / Yvonne Vallis / Stefan Höning / Bernard T Kelly / David C Gershlick / John A G Briggs / David J Owen /
PubMed AbstractThe AP3 complex mediates cargo sorting and carrier assembly for the trafficking of transmembrane proteins from endosomes to lysosomes. AP3 is generally believed to localize to clathrin-free, ARF1- ...The AP3 complex mediates cargo sorting and carrier assembly for the trafficking of transmembrane proteins from endosomes to lysosomes. AP3 is generally believed to localize to clathrin-free, ARF1-positive, elongated carriers in cells, but the architecture of AP3-based coats was unknown. Using in vitro reconstitution and cryo-electron tomography, we demonstrate that AP3:ARF1 spontaneously remodels membranes containing cargo and the phosphoinositide PI(3,5)P into tubular structures coated in spiraling rows of AP3 arches and ARF1 dimers. Targeted point mutations disrupting critical AP3:ARF1 and AP3:AP3 lattice interfaces disrupt AP3 recruitment, carrier formation, and lysosomal cargo trafficking in cells. We propose that AP3 generates tubular carriers on endosomes by organizing ARF1 dimers into elongated membrane-deforming arrays while simultaneously selecting cargo. By demonstrating that AP3:ARF1 can generate carriers without using a clathrin lattice, we explain the clathrin independence of AP3-mediated trafficking.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:42139345 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (subtomogram averaging)
Resolution7.4 - 13.0 Å
Structure data

54255

9rtw

EMDB-54255, PDB-9rtw:
Mammalian AP3 complex on tubular membranes (AP3 centered)
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 7.4 Å

54256

9rtx

EMDB-54256, PDB-9rtx:
Mammalian AP3 complex on tubular membranes (ARF1 centered Beta3-ARF1 dimer-Beta3 interface)
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 8.5 Å

54257

9rty

EMDB-54257, PDB-9rty:
Mammalian AP3 complex on tubular membranes (ARF1 centered Beta3-ARF1 dimer-Delta interface)
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 8.9 Å

54258

9rtz

EMDB-54258, PDB-9rtz:
Mammalian AP3 complex on tubular membranes (ARF1 centered Delta-ARF1 dimer-Delta3 interface)
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 13.0 Å

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)
  • rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
KeywordsENDOCYTOSIS / Cargo adapter / Coat / trafficking

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