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TitleMechanistic insights into TTLL11 polyglutamylase-mediated primary tubulin chain elongation.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 11, Issue 34, Page eadw1561, Year 2025
Publish dateAug 22, 2025
AuthorsJana Campbell / Miroslava Vosahlikova / Samar Ismail / Margareta Volnikova / Lucia Motlova / Julia Kudlacova / Kseniya Ustinova / Ivan Snajdr / Zora Novakova / Miroslav Basta / Irina Gutsche / Marie-Jo Moutin / Ambroise Desfosses / Cyril Barinka /
PubMed AbstractMicrotubules (MTs) undergo diverse posttranslational modifications that regulate their structural and functional properties. Among these, polyglutamylation-a dominant and conserved modification ...Microtubules (MTs) undergo diverse posttranslational modifications that regulate their structural and functional properties. Among these, polyglutamylation-a dominant and conserved modification targeting unstructured tubulin C-terminal tails-plays a pivotal role in defining the tubulin code. Here, we describe a mechanism by which tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 11 (TTLL11) expands and diversifies the code. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed a unique bipartite MT recognition strategy wherein TTLL11 binding and catalytic domains engage adjacent MT protofilaments. Biochemical and cellular assays identified previously uncharacterized polyglutamylation patterns, showing that TTLL11 directly extends the primary polypeptide chains of α- and β-tubulin in vitro, challenging the prevailing paradigms emphasizing lateral branching. Moreover, cell-based and in vivo data suggest a cross-talk between polyglutamylation and the detyrosination/tyrosination cycle likely linked to the TTLL11-mediated elongation of the primary α-tubulin chain. These findings unveil an unrecognized layer of complexity within the tubulin code and offer mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of functional specialization of MT cytoskeleton.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:40834096 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.28 Å
Structure data

52338

9hq4

EMDB-52338, PDB-9hq4:
TTLL11 bound to microtubule
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.28 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-G2P:
PHOSPHOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID GUANYLATE ESTER / GMP-CPP, energy-carrying molecule analogue*YM

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-TA1:
TAXOL / medication, chemotherapy*YM

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • pseudomonas pavonaceae (bacteria)
KeywordsLIGASE / TTLL11 / polyglutamylase / tubulin / microtubule

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