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Structure paper

TitleStructural determinants for red-shifted absorption in higher-plants Photosystem I.
Journal, issue, pagesNew Phytol, Vol. 248, Issue 5, Page 2331-2346, Year 2025
Publish dateSep 15, 2025
AuthorsStefano Capaldi / Zeno Guardini / Daniele Montepietra / Vittorio Flavio Pagliuca / Antonello Amelii / Elena Betti / Chris John / Laura Pedraza-González / Lorenzo Cupellini / Benedetta Mennucci / Diane Marie Valerie Bonnet / Antonio Chaves-Sanjuan / Luca Dall'Osto / Roberto Bassi /
PubMed AbstractHigher plants Photosystem I absorbs far-red light, enriched under vegetation canopies, through long-wavelength Chls to enhance photon capture. Far-red absorption originates from Chl pairs within the ...Higher plants Photosystem I absorbs far-red light, enriched under vegetation canopies, through long-wavelength Chls to enhance photon capture. Far-red absorption originates from Chl pairs within the Lhca3 and Lhca4 subunits of the LHCI antenna, known as the 'red cluster', including Chls a603 and a609. We used reverse genetics to produce an Arabidopsis mutant devoid of red-shifted absorption, and we obtained high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy structures of PSI-LHCI complexes from both wild-type and mutant plants. Computed excitonic coupling values suggested contributions from additional nearby pigment molecules, namely Chl a615 and violaxanthin in the L2 site, to far-red absorption. We investigated the structural determinants of far-red absorption by producing further Arabidopsis transgenic lines and analyzed the spectroscopic effects of mutations targeting these chromophores. The two structures solved were used for quantum mechanics calculations, revealing that excitonic interactions alone cannot explain far-red absorption, while charge transfer states were needed for accurate spectral simulations. Our findings demonstrate that the molecular mechanisms of light-harvesting under shaded conditions rely on very precise tuning of chromophore interactions, whose understanding is crucial for designing light-harvesting complexes with engineered absorption spectra.
External linksNew Phytol / PubMed:40955088 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.13 - 3.29 Å
Structure data

51219

9gbi

EMDB-51219, PDB-9gbi:
Cryo-EM structure of Arabidopsis thaliana PSI-LHCI wild-type
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.13 Å

51227

9gc2

EMDB-51227, PDB-9gc2:
Cryo-EM structure of Arabidopsis thaliana PSI-LHCI- a603-NH mutant
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.29 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CHL:
CHLOROPHYLL B

ChemComp-CLA:
CHLOROPHYLL A

ChemComp-LUT:
(3R,3'R,6S)-4,5-DIDEHYDRO-5,6-DIHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3'-DIOL

ChemComp-XAT:
(3S,5R,6S,3'S,5'R,6'S)-5,6,5',6'-DIEPOXY-5,6,5',6'- TETRAHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3'-DIOL

ChemComp-LHG:
1,2-DIPALMITOYL-PHOSPHATIDYL-GLYCEROLE / phospholipid*YM

ChemComp-BCR:
BETA-CAROTENE

ChemComp-LMG:
1,2-DISTEAROYL-MONOGALACTOSYL-DIGLYCERIDE

ChemComp-LMT:
DODECYL-BETA-D-MALTOSIDE / detergent*YM

ChemComp-PQN:
PHYLLOQUINONE

ChemComp-SF4:
IRON/SULFUR CLUSTER

ChemComp-DGD:
DIGALACTOSYL DIACYL GLYCEROL (DGDG)

Source
  • arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
KeywordsPHOTOSYNTHESIS / PSI-LHCI / Arabidopsis thaliana / light harvesting / far-red absorption

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