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TitlePolysome collapse and RNA condensation fluidize the cytoplasm.
Journal, issue, pagesMol Cell, Vol. 84, Issue 14, Page 2698-22716.e9, Year 2024
Publish dateJul 25, 2024
AuthorsYing Xie / Tong Shu / Tiewei Liu / Marie-Christin Spindler / Julia Mahamid / Glen M Hocky / David Gresham / Liam J Holt /
PubMed AbstractThe cell interior is packed with macromolecules of mesoscale size, and this crowded milieu significantly influences cellular physiology. Cellular stress responses almost universally lead to ...The cell interior is packed with macromolecules of mesoscale size, and this crowded milieu significantly influences cellular physiology. Cellular stress responses almost universally lead to inhibition of translation, resulting in polysome collapse and release of mRNA. The released mRNA molecules condense with RNA-binding proteins to form ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensates known as processing bodies and stress granules. Here, we show that polysome collapse and condensation of RNA transiently fluidize the cytoplasm, and coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulations support this as a minimal mechanism for the observed biophysical changes. Increased mesoscale diffusivity correlates with the efficient formation of quality control bodies (Q-bodies), membraneless organelles that compartmentalize misfolded peptides during stress. Synthetic, light-induced RNA condensation also fluidizes the cytoplasm. Together, our study reveals a functional role for stress-induced translation inhibition and formation of RNP condensates in modulating the physical properties of the cytoplasm to enable efficient response of cells to stress conditions.
External linksMol Cell / PubMed:39059370
MethodsEM (subtomogram averaging)
Resolution10.2 - 16.2 Å
Structure data

EMDB-50409: Subtomogram average of 80S ribosomes in native S. cerevisiae
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 16.2 Å

EMDB-50415: Subtomogram average of 80S ribosomes in S. cerevisiae under acute glucose starvation
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 10.2 Å

Source
  • S. cerevisiae (yeast)
  • S.cerevisiae (yeast)

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