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TitleStructure of an LGR dimer, an evolutionary predecessor of glycoprotein hormone receptors.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 11716, Year 2025
Publish dateNov 28, 2025
AuthorsZhen Gong / Shuobing Chen / Ziao Fu / Brian Kloss / Chi Wang / Jonathan Kim / Oliver B Clarke / Qing R Fan / Wayne A Hendrickson /
PubMed AbstractGlycoprotein hormones (GpHs) produced in the human pituitary act through receptors (GpHRs) in the gonads to support reproduction and in the thyroid for metabolism. GpHs are heterodimeric cystine-knot ...Glycoprotein hormones (GpHs) produced in the human pituitary act through receptors (GpHRs) in the gonads to support reproduction and in the thyroid for metabolism. GpHs are heterodimeric cystine-knot proteins; their receptors bind cognate hormones at an extracellular domain and signal through a transmembrane domain to heterotrimeric G proteins. GpHs and GpHRs have co-evolved from invertebrate counterparts. Structures of the human receptors as isolated for cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) are all monomeric despite compelling evidence for their functioning as dimers. Here we characterize the homologous receptor from Caenorhabditis elegans. Its biochemical properties are notably similar to those of the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) of humans. Structurally, it is an asymmetric dimer (protomers screw-transformed by 142°/4.1 Å), composed such that only one hormone could bind. This is compatible with the 1:2 asymmetry of negatively cooperative TSH:TSHR complexes and for the transactivation evident from functional complementation of binding-deficient and signaling-deficient GpHRs. By modeling, a symmetrized dimer can bind two hormones as in the 2:2 complexes that support TSHR switches in G-protein usage.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41315418 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.79 Å
Structure data

43735

8w1z

EMDB-43735, PDB-8w1z:
Structure of a LGR dimer from Caenorhabditis elegans in apo state
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.79 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

Source
  • caenorhabditis elegans (invertebrata)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / glycoprotein hormones / glycoprotein hormone receptors / leucine-rich-repeat-containing GPCRs (LGRs) / Caenorhabditis elegans / dimer / cryo-EM.

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