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TitleACAD10 and ACAD11 enable mammalian 4-hydroxy acid lipid catabolism.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Struct Mol Biol, Vol. 32, Issue 9, Page 1622-1632, Year 2025
Publish dateJun 19, 2025
AuthorsEdrees H Rashan / Abigail K Bartlett / Daven B Khana / Jingying Zhang / Raghav Jain / Gina Wade / Luciano A Abriata / Andrew J Smith / Zakery N Baker / Taylor Cook / Alana Caldwell / Autumn R Chevalier / Patrick Forny / Brian F Pfleger / Matteo Dal Peraro / Peng Yuan / Daniel Amador-Noguez / Judith A Simcox / David J Pagliarini /
PubMed AbstractFatty acid β-oxidation is a central catabolic pathway with broad health implications. However, various fatty acids, including 4-hydroxy acids (4-HAs), are largely incompatible with β-oxidation ...Fatty acid β-oxidation is a central catabolic pathway with broad health implications. However, various fatty acids, including 4-hydroxy acids (4-HAs), are largely incompatible with β-oxidation machinery before being modified. Here we reveal that two atypical acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, ACAD10 and ACAD11, drive 4-HA catabolism in mice. Unlike other ACADs, ACAD10 and ACAD11 feature kinase domains that phosphorylate the 4-hydroxy position as a requisite step in converting 4-hydroxyacyl-CoAs into conventional 2-enoyl-CoAs. Through cryo-electron microscopy and molecular modeling, we identified an atypical dehydrogenase binding pocket capable of accommodating this phosphorylated intermediate. We further show that ACAD10 is mitochondrial and necessary for catabolizing shorter-chain 4-HAs, whereas ACAD11 is peroxisomal and enables longer-chain 4-HA catabolism. Mice lacking ACAD11 accumulate 4-HAs in their plasma and females are susceptible to body weight and fat gain, concurrent with decreased adipocyte differentiation and adipokine expression. Collectively, we present that ACAD10 and ACAD11 are the primary gatekeepers of mammalian 4-HA catabolism.
External linksNat Struct Mol Biol / PubMed:40537578 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.6 - 3.6 Å
Structure data

42954

8v3u

EMDB-42954, PDB-8v3u:
ACAD11 D220A with 4-hydroxyvaleryl-CoA
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.6 Å

42955

8v3v

EMDB-42955, PDB-8v3v:
ACAD11 D753N with 4-phosphovaleryl-CoA
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-FAD:
FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE / FAD*YM

Source
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsOXIDOREDUCTASE / acyl-CoA dehydrogenases / Dihedral / mitochondrial

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