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TitleStructure of mouse coronavirus spike protein complexed with receptor reveals mechanism for viral entry.
Journal, issue, pagesPLoS Pathog, Vol. 16, Issue 3, Page e1008392, Year 2020
Publish dateMar 9, 2020
AuthorsJian Shang / Yushun Wan / Chang Liu / Boyd Yount / Kendra Gully / Yang Yang / Ashley Auerbach / Guiqing Peng / Ralph Baric / Fang Li /
PubMed AbstractCoronaviruses recognize a variety of receptors using different domains of their envelope-anchored spike protein. How these diverse receptor recognition patterns affect viral entry is unknown. Mouse ...Coronaviruses recognize a variety of receptors using different domains of their envelope-anchored spike protein. How these diverse receptor recognition patterns affect viral entry is unknown. Mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV) is the only known coronavirus that uses the N-terminal domain (NTD) of its spike to recognize a protein receptor, CEACAM1a. Here we determined the cryo-EM structure of MHV spike complexed with mouse CEACAM1a. The trimeric spike contains three receptor-binding S1 heads sitting on top of a trimeric membrane-fusion S2 stalk. Three receptor molecules bind to the sides of the spike trimer, where three NTDs are located. Receptor binding induces structural changes in the spike, weakening the interactions between S1 and S2. Using protease sensitivity and negative-stain EM analyses, we further showed that after protease treatment of the spike, receptor binding facilitated the dissociation of S1 from S2, allowing S2 to transition from pre-fusion to post-fusion conformation. Together these results reveal a new role of receptor binding in MHV entry: in addition to its well-characterized role in viral attachment to host cells, receptor binding also induces the conformational change of the spike and hence the fusion of viral and host membranes. Our study provides new mechanistic insight into coronavirus entry and highlights the diverse entry mechanisms used by different viruses.
External linksPLoS Pathog / PubMed:32150576 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.94 Å
Structure data

21377

6vsj

EMDB-21377, PDB-6vsj:
Cryo-electron microscopy structure of mouse coronavirus spike protein complexed with its murine receptor
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.94 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • murine coronavirus (strain a59)
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / MHV spike / CEACAM1a / Complex / Glycoprotein

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