Database of articles cited by EMDB/PDB/SASBDB data

Keywords
Structure methods	All X-ray diffraction NMR electron microscopy small angle scattering neutron diffraction fiber diffraction powder diffraction infrared spectroscopy EPR fluorescence transfer theoretical model Hybrid
Author
Journal
IF	>30 >20 >10 >5 all

Title	Intracellular nanoscale architecture as a master regulator of calcium carbonate crystallization in marine microalgae.
Journal, issue, pages	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 118, Issue 46, Year 2021
Publish date	Nov 16, 2021
Authors	Yuval Kadan / Fergus Tollervey / Neta Varsano / Julia Mahamid / Assaf Gal /
PubMed Abstract	Unicellular marine microalgae are responsible for one of the largest carbon sinks on Earth. This is in part due to intracellular formation of calcium carbonate scales termed coccoliths. ...Unicellular marine microalgae are responsible for one of the largest carbon sinks on Earth. This is in part due to intracellular formation of calcium carbonate scales termed coccoliths. Traditionally, the influence of changing environmental conditions on this process has been estimated using poorly constrained analogies to crystallization mechanisms in bulk solution, yielding ambiguous predictions. Here, we elucidated the intracellular nanoscale environment of coccolith formation in the model species using cryoelectron tomography. By visualizing cells at various stages of the crystallization process, we reconstructed a timeline of coccolith development. The three-dimensional data portray the native-state structural details of coccolith formation, uncovering the crystallization mechanism, and how it is spatially and temporally controlled. Most strikingly, the developing crystals are only tens of nanometers away from delimiting membranes, resulting in a highly confined volume for crystal growth. We calculate that the number of soluble ions that can be found in such a minute volume at any given time point is less than the number needed to allow the growth of a single atomic layer of the crystal and that the uptake of single protons can markedly affect nominal pH values. In such extreme confinement, the crystallization process is expected to depend primarily on the regulation of ion fluxes by the living cell, and nominal ion concentrations, such as pH, become the result, rather than a driver, of the crystallization process. These findings call for a new perspective on coccolith formation that does not rely exclusively on solution chemistry.
External links	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:34772804 / PubMed Central
Methods	EM (tomography)
Structure data	EMDB-13755: P. carterae distal Golgi cisternae with immature base plate Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13756: P. carterae Golgi cisterna with forming coccolithosomes Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13757: P. carterae coccolith vesicle with mature base plate Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13758: P. carterae coccolith vesicle with nascent crystals Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13759: P. carterae coccolith vesicle with protococcolith ring Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13760: P. carterae coccolith vesicle with growing crystals Method: EM (tomography) EMDB-13761: P. carterae coccolith vesicle with mature crystals Method: EM (tomography)
Source	Chrysotila carterae (eukaryote)