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-Structure paper
タイトル | Structural and Mechanistic Insights into Caffeine Degradation by the Bacterial N-Demethylase Complex. |
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ジャーナル・号・ページ | J Mol Biol, Vol. 431, Issue 19, Page 3647-3661, Year 2019 |
掲載日 | 2019年9月6日 |
著者 | Jun Hoe Kim / Bong Heon Kim / Shelby Brooks / Seung Yeon Kang / Ryan M Summers / Hyun Kyu Song / |
PubMed 要旨 | Caffeine, found in many foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals, is the most used chemical compound for mental alertness. It is originally a natural product of plants and exists widely in environmental ...Caffeine, found in many foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals, is the most used chemical compound for mental alertness. It is originally a natural product of plants and exists widely in environmental soil. Some bacteria, such as Pseudomonas putida CBB5, utilize caffeine as a sole carbon and nitrogen source by degrading it through sequential N-demethylation catalyzed by five enzymes (NdmA, NdmB, NdmC, NdmD, and NdmE). The environmentally friendly enzymatic reaction products, methylxanthines, are high-value biochemicals that are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. However, the structures and biochemical properties of bacterial N-demethylases remain largely unknown. Here, we report the structures of NdmA and NdmB, the initial N- and N-specific demethylases, respectively. Reverse-oriented substrate bindings were observed in the substrate-complexed structures, offering methyl position specificity for proper N-demethylation. For efficient sequential degradation of caffeine, these enzymes form a unique heterocomplex with 3:3 stoichiometry, which was confirmed by enzymatic assays, fluorescent labeling, and small-angle x-ray scattering. The binary structure of NdmA with the ferredoxin domain of NdmD, which is the first structural information for the plant-type ferredoxin domain in a complex state, was also determined to better understand electron transport during N-demethylation. These findings broaden our understanding of the caffeine degradation mechanism by bacterial enzymes and will enable their use for industrial applications. |
リンク | J Mol Biol / PubMed:31412262 |
手法 | SAS (X-ray synchrotron) / X線回折 |
解像度 | 1.65 - 2.961 Å |
構造データ | SASDFD7: SASDFE7: SASDFF7: SASDFG7: SASDFH7: SASDFJ7: PDB-6ick: PDB-6icl: PDB-6icm: PDB-6icn: PDB-6ico: PDB-6icp: PDB-6icq: |
化合物 | ChemComp-FES: ChemComp-FE: ChemComp-HOH: ChemComp-PG4: ChemComp-CO: ChemComp-CFF: ChemComp-TEP: ChemComp-37T: |
由来 |
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キーワード | METAL BINDING PROTEIN / N-demethylase / Rieske oxygenase / non-heme iron center / caffeine degradation / METAL BINDING PROTEIN/OXIDOREDUCTASE / reductase plant type ferredoxin / METAL BINDING PROTEIN-OXIDOREDUCTASE complex |