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TitleCalcium dependent activation of the TMEM16F scramblase and ion channel.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Struct Mol Biol, Vol. 33, Issue 4, Page 664-676, Year 2026
Publish dateApr 17, 2026
AuthorsZhang Feng / Omar E Alvarenga / Eleonora Di Zanni / Sangyun Lee / George Khelashvili / Alessio Accardi /
PubMed AbstractThe ubiquitous transmembrane protein 16F (TMEM16F) Ca-activated channel and scramblase catalyzes phosphatidylserine externalization to enable blood coagulation, membrane fusion and brain immune ...The ubiquitous transmembrane protein 16F (TMEM16F) Ca-activated channel and scramblase catalyzes phosphatidylserine externalization to enable blood coagulation, membrane fusion and brain immune surveillance. Despite its importance, the molecular mechanisms underlying TMEM16F activation remain poorly understood. Here, we obtained high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of TMEM16F active in liposomes. In high-activity conditions, TMEM16F adopts two conformations, the canonical Ca-bound closed state and one where the upward rotation of the cytosolic domain leads to an X-shaped groove that forms a transmembrane pore and locally thins the membrane. Using mutagenesis, functional assays and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the X-shaped groove is active and mediates nonselective ion flux and lipid scrambling through distinct pathways; ions move within the protein-delimited pore, whereas lipids skirt the X-shaped groove. Our findings provide a complete picture of TMEM16F Ca-dependent gating and demonstrate that imaging membrane proteins in a native-like environment can allow capturing otherwise inaccessible active states.
External linksNat Struct Mol Biol / PubMed:41998358 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.49 - 4.2 Å
Structure data

70008

9o1i

EMDB-70008, PDB-9o1i:
TMEM16F in liposomes in the absence of Ca2+ (contracted state)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.49 Å

PDB-9o1l:
TMEM16F in liposomes in the absence of Ca2+ (expanded state)
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 2.91 Å

PDB-9o1m:
TMEM16F in liposomes in the presence of Ca2+ (closed state)
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 2.92 Å

PDB-9o1n:
TMEM16F in liposomes in the presence of Ca2+ (active state)
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.56 Å

PDB-9o1o:
TMEM16F R478E/E604R mutant in liposomes in the presence of Ca2+
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 2.97 Å

PDB-9o1p:
TMEM16F D409G mutant in liposomes in the presence of Ca2+ (closed state)
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 3.48 Å

PDB-9o1q:
TMEM16F D409G mutant in liposomes in the presence of Ca2+ (active state)
Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / Resolution: 4.2 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-PGW:
(1R)-2-{[(S)-{[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}-1-[(hexadecanoyloxy)methyl]ethyl / phospholipid*YM

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

Source
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsLIPID TRANSPORT / membrane protein / lipid scramblase / TMEM16 / liposome

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