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TitleMolecular basis of DRB4-assisted long RNA processing and 21-nucleotide siRNA biogenesis by DCL4 in plants.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Plants, Vol. 12, Issue 3, Page 512-519, Year 2026
Publish dateMar 4, 2026
AuthorsChangshi Wang / Cheng Chi / Yuelin Liu / Jun Zhao / Qian Wang / Nana Wang / Zhihui Zhang / Kai Jiang / Yan Xue / Yong Li / Peiyi Wang / Jixian Zhai / Hongwei Guo / Jiamu Du /
PubMed AbstractSmall RNAs, including microRNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and PIWI-interacting RNA, are regulatory RNAs that play critical roles in gene regulation, development, viral defence and environmental ...Small RNAs, including microRNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and PIWI-interacting RNA, are regulatory RNAs that play critical roles in gene regulation, development, viral defence and environmental response. The biogenesis of microRNA and siRNA relies on the Dicer family ribonucleases to capture, measure and cleave their double-stranded RNA substrates. In Arabidopsis, DICER-LIKE 4 (DCL4) produces 21-nucleotide siRNA in association with Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein 4 (DRB4) for post-transcriptional gene silencing. Here we determined the structures of the DCL4-RNA complex in a dicing-competent conformation and the DCL4-DRB4-RNA complex in a pre-dicing conformation. DCL4 measures 21 nucleotides along RNA between its PAZ and RNase III domains to determine the product siRNA length. A DCL4-specific loop locates the second double-stranded RNA binding domain of DCL4 and DRB4 to a distal position of the substrate RNA, yielding a preference for long RNA substrates. Our studies demonstrate the molecular basis of substrate recognition, length measurement and long RNA preference by the DCL4-DRB4 complex for 21-nucleotide siRNA biogenesis in plants.
External linksNat Plants / PubMed:41781744
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.15 - 3.18 Å
Structure data

62234

9kby

EMDB-62234, PDB-9kby:
Cryo-EM structure of DCL4-Hairpin RNA complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.15 Å

62235

9kbz

EMDB-62235, PDB-9kbz:
Cryo-EM structure of DCL4-DRB4CTD-dsRNA complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.18 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

Source
  • arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
KeywordsRNA BINDING PROTEIN/RNA / DCL4 / DRB4 / siRNA / Dicer / RNA BINDING PROTEIN-RNA complex

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