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Structure paper

TitleStructural basis of calcium-dependent C1ql1/BAI3 assemblies in synaptic connectivity.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 16, Issue 1, Page 11444, Year 2025
Publish dateDec 10, 2025
AuthorsLiangyu Liao / Ying Han / Fengfeng Niu / Yingjie Wang / Yang Lu / Shun Xu / Houming Zhu / Leishu Lin / Jinman Xiao / Hoi In Tou / Jiali Gao / Bo Zhang / Zhiyi Wei /
PubMed AbstractCell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal in establishing and maintaining synaptic connectivity. Emerging evidence indicates that some secreted factors within the synaptic cleft, including C1q-like ...Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal in establishing and maintaining synaptic connectivity. Emerging evidence indicates that some secreted factors within the synaptic cleft, including C1q-like proteins (C1qls), play a crucial role in bridging pre- and post-synapses by connecting the bilateral CAMs. However, the mechanisms of those secreted factors in synapse assembly remain incomplete. Here, we explore C1ql-mediated synaptic connectivity, focusing on the assembly of C1ql1 and its postsynaptic receptor brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3 (BAI3, also called ADGRB3). Our biochemical, structural, and computational analyses reveal that the trimeric globular C1q (gC1q) domain of C1ql1 undergoes a calcium-modulated domain-swapping event to form a hexamer. Cryo-EM study manifests the stabilizing role of calcium ions on the C1ql1_gC1q hexamer in complex with the extended CUB domain of BAI3. Using the gC1q hexamer, full-length C1ql1 further assembles into linear clusters, possibly providing a scaffold to accumulate BAI3 receptors on the plasma membrane. Our cellular and in vivo studies support a role for the gC1q-mediated dynamic assembly of C1ql1 in receptor accumulation and synapse maintenance. Collectively, our findings provide a plausible mechanism of secreted factor-mediated synaptic connectivity, driven by the calcium-modulated assembly of C1qls and their interactions with CAMs.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:41372137 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution2.22 - 3.48 Å
Structure data

EMDB-63181, PDB-9lkl:
Cryo-EM map of C1ql1-gC1q hexamer and BAI3-eCUB complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.48 Å

EMDB-63182, PDB-9lkm:
Focused map of C1ql1-gC1q trimer and BAI3-eCUB complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.34 Å

PDB-9lkk:
Crystal structure of C1ql1-gC1q hexamer
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.22 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-CAC:
CACODYLATE ION

ChemComp-GOL:
GLYCEROL

ChemComp-CL:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsSIGNALING PROTEIN / C1ql1 / synapse / CF-PC / Calcium / secreted protein / BAI3

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