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TitleThe structural basis of protective and nonprotective human monoclonal antibodies targeting the parainfluenza virus type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 15, Issue 1, Page 10825, Year 2024
Publish dateDec 30, 2024
AuthorsRose J Miller / Ian A Durie / Aaron D Gingerich / Mohamed A Elbehairy / Abigail G Branch / Riley G Davis / Nada Abbadi / Melinda A Brindley / Jarrod J Mousa /
PubMed AbstractParainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3) infection poses a substantial risk to vulnerable groups including infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, and lacks effective treatments or vaccines. ...Parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3) infection poses a substantial risk to vulnerable groups including infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, and lacks effective treatments or vaccines. This study focuses on targeting the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, a structural glycoprotein of PIV3 critical for viral infection and egress. With the objective of targeting these activities of HN, we identified eight neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with potent effects on viral neutralization, cell-cell fusion inhibition, and complement deposition. Three epitopes on PIV3 HN were delineated and one epitope, Site 2, elicits a mAb with cross-neutralizing ability against PIV1 and PIV3. Cryo-EM revealed the cross-neutralizing mAb utilizes a long CDR3 loop to bind inside the pocket of the sialic acid binding site. Additionally, we resolved the structure of a non-protective mAb binding to Site 1 near the HN:F-interaction site. The potent Site 2-directed mAb demonstrated clinical efficacy in hamsters, reducing viral replication prophylactically and therapeutically. These findings advance our understanding of PIV3 immunity and underscore the significance of targeting HN for clinical therapeutic development against PIV3.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:39738006 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution2.51 - 3.57 Å
Structure data

47333

9dzq

EMDB-47333, PDB-9dzq:
CryoEM structure of the human antibodies PIV3HN-05 and PIV3HN-13 in complex with the parainfluenza virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.57 Å

PDB-9b2w:
PIV3 HN with Fab 13
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.51 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-SO4:
SULFATE ION

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER

Source
  • human respirovirus 3
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN/Immune System / HN / hemagglutinin neuraminidase / complex / antibody complex / VIRAL PROTEIN / VIRAL PROTEIN-Immune System complex / Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase / human monoclonal antibody

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