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TitleA monoclonal antibody targeting the Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein apex imparts protection from disease.
Journal, issue, pagesJ Virol, Vol. 98, Issue 10, Page e0063824, Year 2024
Publish dateOct 22, 2024
AuthorsVictoria A Avanzato / Trenton Bushmaker / Kasopefoluwa Y Oguntuyo / Claude Kwe Yinda / Helen M E Duyvesteyn / Robert Stass / Kimberly Meade-White / Rebecca Rosenke / Tina Thomas / Neeltje van Doremalen / Greg Saturday / Katie J Doores / Benhur Lee / Thomas A Bowden / Vincent J Munster /
PubMed AbstractNipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus capable of causing severe respiratory and neurologic disease in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against NiV, ...Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus capable of causing severe respiratory and neurologic disease in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against NiV, underscoring the urgent need for the development of countermeasures. The NiV surface-displayed glycoproteins, NiV-G and NiV-F, mediate host cell attachment and fusion, respectively, and are heavily targeted by host antibodies. Here, we describe a vaccination-derived neutralizing monoclonal antibody, mAb92, that targets NiV-F. Structural characterization of the Fab region bound to NiV-F (NiV-F-Fab92) by cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals an epitope in the DIII domain at the membrane distal apex of NiV-F, an established site of vulnerability on the NiV surface. Further, prophylactic treatment of hamsters with mAb92 offered complete protection from NiV disease, demonstrating beneficial activity of mAb92 . This work provides support for targeting NiV-F in the development of vaccines and therapeutics against NiV.IMPORTANCENipah virus (NiV) is a highly lethal henipavirus (HNV) that causes severe respiratory and neurologic disease in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against NiV, highlighting a need to develop countermeasures. The NiV surface displays the receptor binding protein (NiV-G, or RBP) and the fusion protein (NiV-F), which allow the virus to attach and enter cells. These proteins can be targeted by vaccines and antibodies to prevent disease. This work describes a neutralizing antibody (mAb92) that targets NiV-F. Structural characterization by cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals where the antibody binds to NiV-F to neutralize the virus. This study also shows that prophylactic treatment of hamsters with mAb92 completely protected against developing NiV disease. This work shows how targeting NiV-F can be useful to preventing NiV disease, supporting future studies in the development of vaccines and therapeutics.
External linksJ Virol / PubMed:39240113 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.5 Å
Structure data

EMDB-19525, PDB-8rvn:
Nipah virus (NiV) fusion protein in complex with neutralizing Fab92
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • henipavirus nipahense
  • oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Nipah / antibody / neutralization / fusion protein / glycoprotein

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