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TitleThe evolution of archaeal flagellar filaments.
Journal, issue, pagesProc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 120, Issue 28, Page e2304256120, Year 2023
Publish dateJul 11, 2023
AuthorsMark A B Kreutzberger / Virginija Cvirkaite-Krupovic / Ying Liu / Diana P Baquero / Junfeng Liu / Ravi R Sonani / Chris R Calladine / Fengbin Wang / Mart Krupovic / Edward H Egelman /
PubMed AbstractFlagellar motility has independently arisen three times during evolution: in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, the supercoiled flagellar filaments are composed largely of a single ...Flagellar motility has independently arisen three times during evolution: in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, the supercoiled flagellar filaments are composed largely of a single protein, bacterial or archaeal flagellin, although these two proteins are not homologous, while in eukaryotes, the flagellum contains hundreds of proteins. Archaeal flagellin and archaeal type IV pilin are homologous, but how archaeal flagellar filaments (AFFs) and archaeal type IV pili (AT4Ps) diverged is not understood, in part, due to the paucity of structures for AFFs and AT4Ps. Despite having similar structures, AFFs supercoil, while AT4Ps do not, and supercoiling is essential for the function of AFFs. We used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the atomic structure of two additional AT4Ps and reanalyzed previous structures. We find that all AFFs have a prominent 10-strand packing, while AT4Ps show a striking structural diversity in their subunit packing. A clear distinction between all AFF and all AT4P structures involves the extension of the N-terminal α-helix with polar residues in the AFFs. Additionally, we characterize a flagellar-like AT4P from with filament and subunit structure similar to that of AFFs which can be viewed as an evolutionary link, showing how the structural diversity of AT4Ps likely allowed for an AT4P to evolve into a supercoiling AFF.
External linksProc Natl Acad Sci U S A / PubMed:37399404 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (helical sym.) / EM (single particle)
Resolution2.9 - 4.3 Å
Structure data

EMDB-26158, PDB-7txi:
Cryo-EM of A. pernix flagellum
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

EMDB-29215, PDB-8fj5:
Structure of the Haloferax volcanii archaeal type IV pilus
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

EMDB-29246, PDB-8fjs:
Structure of the Saccharolobus solfataricus archaeal type IV pilus at 3 Angstrom resolution
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

EMDB-29247, PDB-8fk0:
Asymmetric cryo-EM structure of a curved Saccharolobus solfataricus type IV pilus
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.0 Å

EMDB-29249, PDB-8fk7:
Structure of the Pyrobaculum calidifontis flagellar-like archaeal type IV pilus
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 4.3 Å

EMDB-40060, PDB-8gi2:
Cryo-EM structure of Natrinema sp. J7-2 Type IV pilus
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

Source
  • aeropyrum pernix (archaea)
  • Haloferax volcanii (archaea)
  • haloferax volcanii (strain atcc 29605 / dsm 3757 / jcm 8879 / nbrc 14742 / ncimb 2012 / vkm b-1768 / ds2) (archaea)
  • saccharolobus solfataricus (archaea)
  • pyrobaculum calidifontis (archaea)
  • natrinema sp. j7-2 (archaea)
KeywordsSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN / helical symmetry / flagellum / cell appendage / Archaea / type IV pili / MOTOR PROTEIN / Helical / Pili / Natrinema / PROTEIN FIBRIL

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