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TitleStructural basis for matriglycan synthesis by the LARGE1 dual glycosyltransferase.
Journal, issue, pagesPLoS One, Vol. 17, Issue 12, Page e0278713, Year 2022
Publish dateDec 13, 2022
AuthorsMichael Katz / Ron Diskin /
PubMed AbstractLARGE1 is a bifunctional glycosyltransferase responsible for generating a long linear polysaccharide termed matriglycan that links the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix and is required for ...LARGE1 is a bifunctional glycosyltransferase responsible for generating a long linear polysaccharide termed matriglycan that links the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix and is required for proper muscle function. This matriglycan polymer is made with an alternating pattern of xylose and glucuronic acid monomers. Mutations in the LARGE1 gene have been shown to cause life-threatening dystroglycanopathies through the inhibition of matriglycan synthesis. Despite its major role in muscle maintenance, the structure of the LARGE1 enzyme and how it assembles in the Golgi are unknown. Here we present the structure of LARGE1, obtained by a combination of X-ray crystallography and single-particle cryo-EM. We found that LARGE1 homo-dimerizes in a configuration that is dictated by its coiled-coil stem domain. The structure shows that this enzyme has two canonical GT-A folds within each of its catalytic domains. In the context of its dimeric structure, the two types of catalytic domains are brought into close proximity from opposing monomers to allow efficient shuttling of the substrates between the two domains. Together, with putative retention of matriglycan by electrostatic interactions, this dimeric organization offers a possible mechanism for the ability of LARGE1 to synthesize long matriglycan chains. The structural information further reveals the mechanisms in which disease-causing mutations disrupt the activity of LARGE1. Collectively, these data shed light on how matriglycan is synthesized alongside the functional significance of glycosyltransferase oligomerization.
External linksPLoS One / PubMed:36512577 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution2.61 - 3.86 Å
Structure data

EMDB-14985: EM map of the LARGE1 dual glycosyltransferase without its coiled-coil stem region.
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.65 Å

EMDB-14987: EM map of the LARGE1 dual glycosyltransferase with its coiled-coil stem region
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.86 Å

PDB-7zvj:
Homodimeric structure of LARGE1
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 2.61 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-Acetylglucosamine

ChemComp-PO4:
PHOSPHATE ION / Phosphate

ChemComp-MN:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-HOH:
WATER / Water

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsTRANSFERASE / matriglycan / xylose / glucuronic acid / polymerase / TRANSFERASE.

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