- EMDB-31811: catalytic core of human telomerase holoenzyme -
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Basic information
Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-31811
Title
catalytic core of human telomerase holoenzyme
Map data
Sample
Complex: Catalytic core
Protein or peptide: Telomerase reverse transcriptase
Protein or peptide: Histone H2A type 1-B/E
Protein or peptide: Histone H2B type 1-K
RNA: Telomerase RNA component
DNA: Primer DNA
Function / homology
Function and homology information
positive regulation of hair cycle / template-free RNA nucleotidyltransferase / positive regulation of transdifferentiation / TERT-RMRP complex / DNA strand elongation / RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / positive regulation of protein localization to nucleolus / siRNA transcription / telomerase catalytic core complex / telomerase activity ...positive regulation of hair cycle / template-free RNA nucleotidyltransferase / positive regulation of transdifferentiation / TERT-RMRP complex / DNA strand elongation / RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / positive regulation of protein localization to nucleolus / siRNA transcription / telomerase catalytic core complex / telomerase activity / Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in DNA damage repair and senescence / : / RNA-templated DNA biosynthetic process / establishment of protein localization to telomere / nuclear telomere cap complex / siRNA processing / positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration / telomerase holoenzyme complex / telomerase RNA binding / telomeric DNA binding / DNA biosynthetic process / RNA-templated transcription / positive regulation of stem cell proliferation / mitochondrial nucleoid / negative regulation of cellular senescence / Telomere Extension By Telomerase / telomere maintenance via telomerase / negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand / positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway / replicative senescence / positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle / protein localization to CENP-A containing chromatin / negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process / Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus / CENP-A containing nucleosome / response to cadmium ion / Packaging Of Telomere Ends / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine / Cleavage of the damaged purine / nucleosomal DNA binding / Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere / positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine / Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine / Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere / Meiotic synapsis / telomere maintenance / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening / Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication / DNA methylation / Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes / SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression / ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression / Chromatin modifications during the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) / HCMV Late Events / mitochondrion organization / innate immune response in mucosa / positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity / PRC2 methylates histones and DNA / Defective pyroptosis / positive regulation of glucose import / HDACs deacetylate histones / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape / Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex / RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function / regulation of protein stability / NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression / Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 / G2/M DNA damage checkpoint / B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression / heterochromatin formation / PML body / DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence / Metalloprotease DUBs / Meiotic recombination / transcription coactivator binding / Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation / RMTs methylate histone arginines / positive regulation of miRNA transcription / Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis / HCMV Early Events / RNA-directed DNA polymerase / Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis / structural constituent of chromatin / positive regulation of angiogenesis / UCH proteinases / RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity / antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide / nucleosome / positive regulation of protein binding / E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins / Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks / chromatin organization / RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs / protein-folding chaperone binding / HATs acetylate histones / antibacterial humoral response / Processing of DNA double-strand break ends Similarity search - Function
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
China
Citation
Journal: Cell Res / Year: 2021 Title: Zipper head mechanism of telomere synthesis by human telomerase. Authors: Futang Wan / Yongbo Ding / Yuebin Zhang / Zhenfang Wu / Shaobai Li / Lin Yang / Xiangyu Yan / Pengfei Lan / Guohui Li / Jian Wu / Ming Lei / Abstract: Telomerase, a multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein complex, is a unique reverse transcriptase that catalyzes the processive addition of a repeat sequence to extend the telomere end using a short fragment ...Telomerase, a multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein complex, is a unique reverse transcriptase that catalyzes the processive addition of a repeat sequence to extend the telomere end using a short fragment of its own RNA component as the template. Despite recent structural characterizations of human and Tetrahymena telomerase, it is still a mystery how telomerase repeatedly uses its RNA template to synthesize telomeric DNA. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human telomerase holoenzyme bound with telomeric DNA at resolutions of 3.5 Å and 3.9 Å for the catalytic core and biogenesis module, respectively. The structure reveals that a leucine residue Leu980 in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) catalytic subunit functions as a zipper head to limit the length of the short primer-template duplex in the active center. Moreover, our structural and computational analyses suggest that TERT and telomerase RNA (hTR) are organized to harbor a preformed active site that can accommodate short primer-template duplex substrates for catalysis. Furthermore, our findings unveil a double-fingers architecture in TERT that ensures nucleotide addition processivity of human telomerase. We propose that the zipper head Leu980 is a structural determinant for the sequence-based pausing signal of DNA synthesis that coincides with the RNA element-based physical template boundary. Functional analyses unveil that the non-glycine zipper head plays an essential role in both telomerase repeat addition processivity and telomere length homeostasis. In addition, we also demonstrate that this zipper head mechanism is conserved in all eukaryotic telomerases. Together, our study provides an integrated model for telomerase-mediated telomere synthesis.
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