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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9hmn
TitleCryoEM structure of human 20S proteasome in complex with proteasome inhibitor Salinosporamid A
Components
  • (Proteasome subunit alpha type- ...) x 7
  • (Proteasome subunit beta type- ...) x 7
KeywordsHYDROLASE / Inhibitor / 20S proteasome / Salinosporamid A
Function / homology
Function and homology information


purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / Proteasome assembly / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / proteasome core complex / Somitogenesis / myofibril / immune system process / NF-kappaB binding / proteasome endopeptidase complex ...purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / Proteasome assembly / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / proteasome core complex / Somitogenesis / myofibril / immune system process / NF-kappaB binding / proteasome endopeptidase complex / proteasome core complex, beta-subunit complex / proteasome assembly / threonine-type endopeptidase activity / proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex / proteasome complex / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / sarcomere / Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation / Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C / APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin / Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins / Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D / SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1 / NIK-->noncanonical NF-kB signaling / TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway / AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA / Vpu mediated degradation of CD4 / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A / Degradation of DVL / Dectin-1 mediated noncanonical NF-kB signaling / Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / P-body / Degradation of AXIN / lipopolysaccharide binding / Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD / Activation of NF-kappaB in B cells / Degradation of GLI1 by the proteasome / G2/M Checkpoints / Hedgehog ligand biogenesis / GSK3B and BTRC:CUL1-mediated-degradation of NFE2L2 / Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis / Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 / Negative regulation of NOTCH4 signaling / Regulation of RUNX3 expression and activity / Hedgehog 'on' state / Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G / FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis / Degradation of GLI2 by the proteasome / GLI3 is processed to GLI3R by the proteasome / APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 / MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling / Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex / Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha / ABC-family proteins mediated transport / CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 / CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling / SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21 / response to virus / FCERI mediated NF-kB activation / Regulation of expression of SLITs and ROBOs / Regulation of PTEN stability and activity / nuclear matrix / Interleukin-1 signaling / Orc1 removal from chromatin / Regulation of RAS by GAPs / Regulation of RUNX2 expression and activity / The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint / Separation of Sister Chromatids / KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway / UCH proteinases / Downstream TCR signaling / Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation / peptidase activity / RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs / Neddylation / ER-Phagosome pathway / response to oxidative stress / regulation of inflammatory response / secretory granule lumen / endopeptidase activity / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / Ub-specific processing proteases / nuclear body / cilium / ciliary basal body / cadherin binding / ribosome / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / ubiquitin protein ligase binding / Neutrophil degranulation / centrosome / mitochondrion / proteolysis / RNA binding / extracellular exosome / extracellular region
Similarity search - Function
Proteasome subunit alpha 1 / Proteasome beta subunit, C-terminal / Proteasome beta subunits C terminal / Proteasome subunit beta 4 / Proteasome subunit beta 2 / Proteasome beta 3 subunit / Proteasome subunit alpha5 / Proteasome subunit alpha6 / Proteasome beta-type subunits signature. / Peptidase T1A, proteasome beta-subunit ...Proteasome subunit alpha 1 / Proteasome beta subunit, C-terminal / Proteasome beta subunits C terminal / Proteasome subunit beta 4 / Proteasome subunit beta 2 / Proteasome beta 3 subunit / Proteasome subunit alpha5 / Proteasome subunit alpha6 / Proteasome beta-type subunits signature. / Peptidase T1A, proteasome beta-subunit / Proteasome beta-type subunit, conserved site / Proteasome subunit A N-terminal signature / Proteasome alpha-type subunits signature. / Proteasome alpha-subunit, N-terminal domain / Proteasome subunit A N-terminal signature Add an annotation / Proteasome B-type subunit / Proteasome beta-type subunit profile. / : / Proteasome alpha-type subunit / Proteasome alpha-type subunit profile. / Proteasome subunit / Proteasome, subunit alpha/beta / Nucleophile aminohydrolases, N-terminal
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Chem-SA1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / Proteasome subunit beta type-6 ...Chem-SA1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / Proteasome subunit beta type-6 / Proteasome subunit beta type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-3 / Proteasome subunit beta type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 / Proteasome subunit beta type-7
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.55 Å
AuthorsSuelzen, H. / Boura, E. / Silhan, J.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
Citation
Journal: Molecules / Year: 2025
Title: Structural Insights into Salinosporamide a Mediated Inhibition of the Human 20S Proteasome.
Authors: Hagen Sülzen / Pavla Fajtova / Anthony J O'Donoghue / Jan Silhan / Evzen Boura /
Abstract: The 20S proteasome, a critical component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, plays a central role in regulating protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Marizomib (MZB), also known as salinosporamide ...The 20S proteasome, a critical component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, plays a central role in regulating protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Marizomib (MZB), also known as salinosporamide A, is a natural γ-lactam-β-lactone compound derived from and is a potent 20S proteasome covalent inhibitor with demonstrated anticancer properties. Its broad-spectrum inhibition of all three proteasome subunits and its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier has made it a promising therapeutic candidate for glioblastoma. In addition to this, MZB also demonstrates significant inhibition against the 20S proteasome of (20S), a protozoan parasite, suggesting its potential for parasitic treatments. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of the human 20S proteasome in complex with MZB at 2.55 Å resolution. This structure reveals the binding mode of MZB to all six catalytic subunits within the two β-rings of the 20S proteasome, providing a detailed molecular understanding of its irreversible inhibitory mechanism. These findings enhance the therapeutic potential of MZB for both cancer and parasitic diseases at the molecular level and highlight marine-derived natural products in targeting the proteasome for therapeutic applications.
#1: Journal: bioRxiv / Year: 2025
Title: Structural insights into Salinosporamide A mediated inhibition of the human 20S proteasome.
Authors: Hagen Sülzen / Pavla Fajtova / Anthony J O'Donoghue / Evzen Boura / Jan Silhan /
Abstract: The 20S proteasome, a critical component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, plays a central role in regulating protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Marizomib (MZB), a natural γ-lactam-β- ...The 20S proteasome, a critical component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, plays a central role in regulating protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Marizomib (MZB), a natural γ-lactam-β-lactone compound derived from , is a potent 20S proteasome covalent inhibitor with demonstrated anticancer properties. Its broad-spectrum inhibition of all three proteasome subunits and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier has made it a promising therapeutic candidate for glioblastoma. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of the human 20S proteasome in complex with MZB at 2.55 Å resolution. This structure reveals the binding mode of MZB to all six catalytic subunits within the two β-rings of the 20S proteasome, providing a detailed molecular understanding of its irreversible inhibitory mechanism. These findings explain the therapeutic potential of MZB at the molecular level and highlight marine-derived natural products in targeting the proteasome for anticancer treatment.
History
DepositionDec 9, 2024Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Mask / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Mask / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 5, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 2, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Proteasome subunit alpha type-6
B: Proteasome subunit alpha type-2
C: Proteasome subunit alpha type-4
E: Proteasome subunit alpha type-5
F: Proteasome subunit alpha type-1
G: Proteasome subunit alpha type-3
J: Proteasome subunit beta type-3
K: Proteasome subunit beta type-2
M: Proteasome subunit beta type-1
N: Proteasome subunit beta type-4
D: Proteasome subunit alpha type-7
H: Proteasome subunit beta type-6
I: Proteasome subunit beta type-7
L: Proteasome subunit beta type-5
O: Proteasome subunit alpha type-6
P: Proteasome subunit alpha type-2
Q: Proteasome subunit alpha type-4
R: Proteasome subunit alpha type-5
S: Proteasome subunit alpha type-1
T: Proteasome subunit alpha type-3
U: Proteasome subunit beta type-3
V: Proteasome subunit beta type-2
W: Proteasome subunit beta type-1
X: Proteasome subunit beta type-4
Y: Proteasome subunit alpha type-7
Z: Proteasome subunit beta type-6
a: Proteasome subunit beta type-7
b: Proteasome subunit beta type-5
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)718,64034
Polymers716,96428
Non-polymers1,6766
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

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Proteasome subunit alpha type- ... , 7 types, 14 molecules AOBPCQERFSGTDY

#1: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 / 27 kDa prosomal protein / p27K / Macropain iota chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex iota ...27 kDa prosomal protein / p27K / Macropain iota chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex iota chain / Proteasome iota chain


Mass: 27432.459 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P60900
#2: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Macropain subunit C3 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C3 / Proteasome component C3


Mass: 25796.338 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25787
#3: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Macropain subunit C9 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C9 / Proteasome component C9 / ...Macropain subunit C9 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C9 / Proteasome component C9 / Proteasome subunit L


Mass: 29525.842 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P25789, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#4: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Macropain zeta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex zeta chain / Proteasome zeta chain


Mass: 26435.977 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P28066, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#5: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / 30 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-30 / Macropain subunit C2 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex ...30 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-30 / Macropain subunit C2 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C2 / Proteasome component C2 / Proteasome nu chain


Mass: 29595.627 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25786
#6: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Macropain subunit C8 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C8 / Proteasome component C8


Mass: 28338.057 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P25788
#11: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit RC6-1 / Proteasome subunit XAPC7


Mass: 27929.891 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O14818

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Proteasome subunit beta type- ... , 7 types, 14 molecules JUKVMWNXHZIaLb

#7: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-3 / Proteasome chain 13 / Proteasome component C10-II / Proteasome theta chain


Mass: 22841.701 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P49720, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#8: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-2 / Macropain subunit C7-I / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C7-I / Proteasome component C7-I


Mass: 22864.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P49721, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#9: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Macropain subunit C5 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C5 / Proteasome component C5 / ...Macropain subunit C5 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C5 / Proteasome component C5 / Proteasome gamma chain


Mass: 23578.986 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P20618, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#10: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / 26 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-26 / Macropain beta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex ...26 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-26 / Macropain beta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex beta chain / Proteasome beta chain / Proteasome chain 3 / HsN3


Mass: 24414.740 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P28070, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#12: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-6 / Macropain delta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex delta chain / Proteasome delta chain / ...Macropain delta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex delta chain / Proteasome delta chain / Proteasome subunit Y


Mass: 21921.836 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P28072, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#13: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-7 / Macropain chain Z / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex chain Z / Proteasome subunit Z


Mass: 25321.980 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: Q99436, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#14: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-5 / Macropain epsilon chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex epsilon chain / Proteasome chain 6 / ...Macropain epsilon chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex epsilon chain / Proteasome chain 6 / Proteasome epsilon chain / Proteasome subunit MB1 / Proteasome subunit X


Mass: 22484.369 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P28074, proteasome endopeptidase complex

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Non-polymers , 1 types, 6 molecules

#15: Chemical
ChemComp-SA1 / (3AR,6R,6AS)-6-((S)-((S)-CYCLOHEX-2-ENYL)(HYDROXY)METHYL)-6A-METHYL-4-OXO-HEXAHYDRO-2H-FURO[3,2-C]PYRROLE-6-CARBALDEHYDE / Salinosporamide A, bound form


Mass: 279.332 Da / Num. of mol.: 6 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C15H21NO4 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Human 20S proteasome in complex with proteasome inhibitor Salinosporamid A
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#11 / Source: NATURAL
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails
4cryoSPARC4.3+CTF correctionPatch CTF correction
10cryoSPARC4.3+initial Euler assignment
11cryoSPARC4.3+final Euler assignment
13cryoSPARC4.3+3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.55 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 209737 / Symmetry type: POINT

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