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- PDB-9e4z: GluA2-gamma2 complex bound glutamate and cyclothiazide -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9e4z
TitleGluA2-gamma2 complex bound glutamate and cyclothiazide
Components
  • Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
  • Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
KeywordsTRANSPORT PROTEIN / ligand-gated ion channel / ionotropic glutamate receptor / ampa receptor / ion channel
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Presynaptic depolarization and calcium channel opening / LGI-ADAM interactions / Trafficking of AMPA receptors / eye blink reflex / positive regulation of protein localization to basolateral plasma membrane / cerebellar mossy fiber / postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping / regulation of AMPA receptor activity / membrane hyperpolarization / nervous system process ...Presynaptic depolarization and calcium channel opening / LGI-ADAM interactions / Trafficking of AMPA receptors / eye blink reflex / positive regulation of protein localization to basolateral plasma membrane / cerebellar mossy fiber / postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping / regulation of AMPA receptor activity / membrane hyperpolarization / nervous system process / protein targeting to membrane / voltage-gated calcium channel complex / spine synapse / dendritic spine neck / dendritic spine head / cellular response to amine stimulus / neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane / neuromuscular junction development / perisynaptic space / Activation of AMPA receptors / ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / AMPA glutamate receptor activity / transmission of nerve impulse / response to lithium ion / Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors / kainate selective glutamate receptor activity / AMPA glutamate receptor complex / cellular response to glycine / extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity / immunoglobulin binding / asymmetric synapse / ionotropic glutamate receptor complex / conditioned place preference / regulation of receptor recycling / membrane depolarization / glutamate receptor binding / Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation / positive regulation of synaptic transmission / regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / voltage-gated calcium channel activity / response to fungicide / cytoskeletal protein binding / glutamate-gated receptor activity / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / presynaptic active zone membrane / glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity / somatodendritic compartment / dendrite membrane / ionotropic glutamate receptor binding / ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway / dendrite cytoplasm / synaptic membrane / hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse / dendritic shaft / SNARE binding / regulation of membrane potential / transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential / synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / PDZ domain binding / protein tetramerization / establishment of protein localization / response to calcium ion / postsynaptic density membrane / cerebral cortex development / modulation of chemical synaptic transmission / receptor internalization / Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse / terminal bouton / synaptic vesicle / synaptic vesicle membrane / presynapse / signaling receptor activity / amyloid-beta binding / presynaptic membrane / growth cone / scaffold protein binding / perikaryon / chemical synaptic transmission / dendritic spine / postsynaptic membrane / neuron projection / postsynaptic density / axon / external side of plasma membrane / neuronal cell body / dendrite / synapse / protein kinase binding / protein-containing complex binding / glutamatergic synapse / cell surface / endoplasmic reticulum / protein-containing complex / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma-2 subunit / : / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin family / Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma subunit / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin superfamily / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, metazoa / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, L-glutamate and glycine-binding domain / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ligand-gated ion channel ...Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma-2 subunit / : / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin family / Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma subunit / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin superfamily / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, metazoa / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, L-glutamate and glycine-binding domain / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ligand-gated ion channel / : / Ionotropic glutamate receptor / Eukaryotic homologues of bacterial periplasmic substrate binding proteins. / Receptor, ligand binding region / Receptor family ligand binding region / Periplasmic binding protein-like I
Similarity search - Domain/homology
CYCLOTHIAZIDE / GLUTAMIC ACID / Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Glutamate receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Mus musculus (house mouse)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.7 Å
AuthorsMontano Romero, A. / Carrillo, E. / Jayaraman, V. / Twomey, E.C.
Funding support United States, 4items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R35GM154904 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R35GM122528 United States
Other privateKinship Foundation 22098168 United States
Other privateDiana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation 142548 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Memantine inhibits calcium-permeable AMPA receptors.
Authors: Elisa Carrillo / Alejandra Montaño Romero / Cuauhtemoc U Gonzalez / Andreea L Turcu / Santiago Vázquez / Edward C Twomey / Vasanthi Jayaraman /
Abstract: Memantine is an US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug that is thought to selectively inhibit NMDA-subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs). NMDARs enable calcium influx into ...Memantine is an US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug that is thought to selectively inhibit NMDA-subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs). NMDARs enable calcium influx into neurons and are critical for normal brain function. However, increasing evidence shows that calcium influx in neurological diseases is augmented by calcium-permeable AMPA-subtype ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Here, we demonstrate that these calcium-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) are inhibited by memantine. Electrophysiology unveils that memantine inhibition of CP-AMPARs is dependent on their calcium permeability and the presence of their neuronal auxiliary subunit transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPs). Through cryo-electron microscopy we elucidate that memantine blocks CP-AMPAR ion channels in a unique mechanism of action from NMDARs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that memantine inhibits a gain of function AMPAR mutation found in a patient with a neurodevelopmental disorder. Our findings unlock potential exploitation of this site to design more specific drugs targeting CP-AMPARs.
History
DepositionOct 25, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 3 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jun 18, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 16, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
B: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
C: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
D: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
E: Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
F: Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
G: Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
H: Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)458,05316
Polymers455,9058
Non-polymers2,1488
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein
Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-2 / AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-B / GluR-K2 / Glutamate receptor ionotropic / AMPA 2


Mass: 90967.711 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) / Gene: Gria2, GluA2, Glur2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P19491
#2: Protein
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Stargazin / Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory ...Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Stargazin / Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma-2 / TARP gamma-2


Mass: 23008.461 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse) / Gene: Cacng2, Stg / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O88602
#3: Chemical
ChemComp-GLU / GLUTAMIC ACID


Type: L-peptide linking / Mass: 147.129 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C5H9NO4
#4: Chemical
ChemComp-CYZ / CYCLOTHIAZIDE / 3-BICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPT-5-EN-2-YL-6-CHLORO-3,4- DIHYDRO-2H-1,2,4-BENZOTHIADIAZINE-7-SULFONAMIDE 1,1 DIOXIDE


Mass: 389.878 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C14H16ClN3O4S2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: GluA2-TARPgamma2 Complex bound to glutamate and cyclothiazide
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #2 / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Cell: Expi293 Gnti-
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 4 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 40 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.7 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 87724 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 3.7 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.01531840
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.69343034
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d7.1354292
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.1274774
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0085408

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