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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9bv1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | M2A Midnolin-Proteasome (translocating) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components |
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Keywords | NUCLEAR PROTEIN / proteasome | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationnegative regulation of glucokinase activity / thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding / nuclear proteasome complex / host-mediated perturbation of viral transcription / positive regulation of inclusion body assembly / Impaired BRCA2 translocation to the nucleus / Impaired BRCA2 binding to SEM1 (DSS1) / meiosis I / proteasome accessory complex / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding ...negative regulation of glucokinase activity / thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding / nuclear proteasome complex / host-mediated perturbation of viral transcription / positive regulation of inclusion body assembly / Impaired BRCA2 translocation to the nucleus / Impaired BRCA2 binding to SEM1 (DSS1) / meiosis I / proteasome accessory complex / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / integrator complex / proteasome regulatory particle / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation / thymic T cell selection / CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell homeostasis / cytosolic proteasome complex / positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process / proteasome-activating activity / Antigen processing: Ub, ATP-independent proteasomal degradation / proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex / proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex / T-helper 1 cell differentiation / negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation / cellular response to type I interferon / protein K63-linked deubiquitination / metal-dependent deubiquitinase activity / negative regulation of programmed cell death / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / proteasome core complex / Proteasome assembly / T-helper 17 cell differentiation / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / transcription factor binding / K63-linked deubiquitinase activity / Somitogenesis / Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange / Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA1 loss of function / Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function / Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function / Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand Annealing (SDSA) / flagellated sperm motility / Resolution of D-loop Structures through Holliday Junction Intermediates / proteasome binding / Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51 / regulation of protein catabolic process / myofibril / AMPK-induced ERAD and lysosome mediated degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / GSK3B-mediated proteasomal degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / SPOP-mediated proteasomal degradation of PD-L1(CD274) / proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process / positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly / Ribosome Quality Control (RQC) complex extracts and degrades nascent peptide / general transcription initiation factor binding / proteasome storage granule / Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange / negative regulation of insulin secretion / protein deubiquitination / polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding / proteasome endopeptidase complex / NF-kappaB binding / proteasome core complex, beta-subunit complex / endopeptidase activator activity / threonine-type endopeptidase activity / mRNA export from nucleus / proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex / proteasome assembly / SARS-CoV-1 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways / immune system process / regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle / enzyme regulator activity / ERAD pathway / ciliary tip / response to type II interferon / positive regulation of interleukin-2 production / inclusion body / regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process / TBP-class protein binding / : / proteasome complex / stem cell differentiation / sarcomere / proteasomal protein catabolic process / Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation / sperm end piece / ubiquitin binding / Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C / APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle / Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins / Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D / lipopolysaccharide binding / SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1 / NIK-->noncanonical NF-kB signaling / AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA / TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Vpu mediated degradation of CD4 / P-body / Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.1 Å | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Gao, J. / Yip, M.C.J. / Shao, S. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, 3items
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Citation | Journal: Mol Cell / Year: 2025Title: Structural basis for the midnolin-proteasome pathway and its role in suppressing myeloma. Authors: Christopher Nardone / Jingjing Gao / Hyuk-Soo Seo / Julian Mintseris / Lucy Ort / Matthew C J Yip / Milen Negasi / Anna K Besschetnova / Nolan Kamitaki / Steven P Gygi / Sirano Dhe-Paganon / ...Authors: Christopher Nardone / Jingjing Gao / Hyuk-Soo Seo / Julian Mintseris / Lucy Ort / Matthew C J Yip / Milen Negasi / Anna K Besschetnova / Nolan Kamitaki / Steven P Gygi / Sirano Dhe-Paganon / Nikhil C Munshi / Mariateresa Fulciniti / Michael E Greenberg / Sichen Shao / Stephen J Elledge / Xin Gu / ![]() Abstract: The midnolin-proteasome pathway degrades many nuclear proteins without ubiquitination, but how it operates mechanistically remains unclear. Here, we present structures of the midnolin-proteasome ...The midnolin-proteasome pathway degrades many nuclear proteins without ubiquitination, but how it operates mechanistically remains unclear. Here, we present structures of the midnolin-proteasome complex, revealing how established proteasomal components are repurposed to enable a unique form of proteolysis. While the proteasomal subunit PSMD2/Rpn1 binds to ubiquitinated or ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins, we discover that it also interacts with the midnolin nuclear localization sequence, elucidating how midnolin's activity is confined to the nucleus. Likewise, PSMD14/Rpn11, an enzyme that normally cleaves ubiquitin chains, surprisingly functions non-enzymatically as a receptor for the midnolin Ubl domain, positioning the substrate-binding Catch domain directly above the proteasomal entry site to guide substrates into the proteasome. Moreover, we demonstrate that midnolin downregulation is critical for the survival of myeloma cells by stabilizing the transcription factor substrate IRF4. Our findings uncover the mechanisms underlying the midnolin-proteasome pathway and midnolin downregulation as a driver of multiple myeloma. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History |
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9bv1.cif.gz | 2 MB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9bv1.ent.gz | 1.6 MB | Display | PDB format |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9bv1.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/bv/9bv1 ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/bv/9bv1 | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 44927MC ![]() 9buiC ![]() 9bv2C ![]() 9bv3C M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit ... , 11 types, 11 molecules UVWXYZabcdf
| #1: Protein | Mass: 105958.234 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q99460 |
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| #2: Protein | Mass: 61066.500 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O43242 |
| #3: Protein | Mass: 52979.359 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O00232 |
| #4: Protein | Mass: 47526.688 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: O00231 |
| #5: Protein | Mass: 45592.285 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q15008 |
| #6: Protein | Mass: 37086.441 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P51665 |
| #7: Protein | Mass: 42995.359 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9UNM6 |
| #8: Protein | Mass: 40781.590 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P55036 |
| #9: Protein | Mass: 34620.023 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: O00487, Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Omega peptidases |
| #10: Protein | Mass: 39667.871 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P48556 |
| #32: Protein | Mass: 100313.625 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q13200 |
-Protein , 2 types, 2 molecules ey
| #11: Protein | Mass: 8284.611 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P60896 |
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| #33: Protein | Mass: 53147.621 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MIDN / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q504T8 |
-26S proteasome regulatory subunit ... , 4 types, 4 molecules ABDF
| #12: Protein | Mass: 48700.805 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P35998 |
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| #13: Protein | Mass: 49260.504 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62191 |
| #15: Protein | Mass: 47426.141 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P43686 |
| #17: Protein | Mass: 49266.457 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P17980 |
-26S protease regulatory subunit ... , 2 types, 2 molecules CE
| #14: Protein | Mass: 45694.047 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62195 |
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| #16: Protein | Mass: 44241.008 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: P62333 |
-Proteasome subunit alpha type- ... , 7 types, 7 molecules GHIJKLM
| #18: Protein | Mass: 27432.459 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P60900, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
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| #19: Protein | Mass: 25927.535 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P25787, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
| #20: Protein | Mass: 29525.842 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P25789, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
| #21: Protein | Mass: 27929.891 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: O14818, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
| #22: Protein | Mass: 26435.977 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28066, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
| #23: Protein | Mass: 29595.627 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P25786, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
| #24: Protein | Mass: 28469.252 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P25788, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
-Proteasome subunit beta type- ... , 7 types, 14 molecules NnOoPpQqRrSsTt
| #25: Protein | Mass: 25377.652 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28072, proteasome endopeptidase complex #26: Protein | Mass: 30000.418 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: Q99436, proteasome endopeptidase complex #27: Protein | Mass: 22972.896 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P49720, proteasome endopeptidase complex #28: Protein | Mass: 22864.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P49721, proteasome endopeptidase complex #29: Protein | Mass: 28510.248 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28074, proteasome endopeptidase complex #30: Protein | Mass: 26522.396 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P20618, proteasome endopeptidase complex #31: Protein | Mass: 29231.178 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)References: UniProt: P28070, proteasome endopeptidase complex |
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-Non-polymers , 4 types, 11 molecules 






| #34: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / | ||||
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| #35: Chemical | ChemComp-ATP / #36: Chemical | ChemComp-MG / #37: Chemical | |
-Details
| Has ligand of interest | N |
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| Has protein modification | N |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: 26 proteasome with midnolin / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#33 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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| Molecular weight | Experimental value: NO |
| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.5 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 53 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION |
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| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 186489 / Symmetry type: POINT |
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About Yorodumi




Homo sapiens (human)
United States, 3items
Citation







PDBj













FIELD EMISSION GUN